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MC Cham Jr: ‘This is a Banjul commission because the panellists are all Banjulians’

Hadram Hydara
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MC Cham Jr: ‘This is a Banjul commission because the panellists are all Banjulians’

By: Dawda Baldeh

Momodou MC Cham Junior, the campaign manager of Gambia Democratic Congress (GDC), has described the commission of inquiry set up to look into the conduct of local governments and related matters as a “Banjul commission”, saying all the panellists are from Banjul.

He made these remarks on Friday in a popular weekly show at The Fatu Network dub ‘Gis Gis’, hosted by Ansu Jack which focuses on current affairs.

MC Cham, who was serving as a panellist on the show alongside several others, expressed optimism that the commissioners taking charge of the commission of inquiry will not be objective as expected.

When asked about his opinion on the commission of inquiry, he responded “this is a Banjul commission because the panellists are all Banjulians.”

He added that he has never objected to any commission of inquiry but he questioned the impartiality of the commissioners hence most of them have a political connection with the president and his party.

“Oreme Joiner was a co-opted member of the National People’s Party (NPP) and the evidence is clear. Hon. Alhagie Sillah has been active in campaigning for the NPP in the run-up to the 2021 presidential election and also campaign for the NPP candidates in the April 9 Parliamentary election,” he said.

Meanwhile, other panellists in the show have not given any suspicious opinion on the commission of inquiry. “I don’t have anything to say about the commissioners until they finish their investigations, panellist Kemesseng Sanneh alias Kexx Sanneh said, adding that the constitution has not prohibited a party supporter or member from taking part in a commission of inquiry.”

“They are Gambians, and they have the right to be in a commission. Let’s give them the time and wait for the outcome.”
For his part, Dodou Jah, a strong APRC executive member who is an active panellist in the popular show, said he is optimistic that the commissioners will deliver to the expectations of the public.

“I don’t think their political connection should jeopardize their professionalism. People can have different views on a matter but what is important is that the president is given the power by the law. I only have issues when someone acts outside the law,” he opted.

Walking barefoot improves menstrual flow, eyesight, sleep, hypertension, pain, and inflammation

Hadram Hydara
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Walking barefoot improves menstrual flow, eyesight, sleep, hypertension, pain, and inflammation

By Prof. Raphael Nyarkotey Obu

 The writer

Walking barefoot improves menstrual flow, eyesight, sleep, hypertension, pain, and inflammation.

Most of my articles are born out of inspiration. Others are requests from readers. I know this topic will shock many people. Others will also as usual think this is an ordinary Naturopathic Professor exploring extraordinary beliefs. Maybe, this is a Psychology of an extraordinary belief.

While subjective responses and anecdotal success stories may be enough to convince some, there are plenty of non-believers in the supposed benefits of sticking your bare feet on the ground.

But, I have been seeing a few people who walk barefoot. Most of these people are spiritualists. However, most of us do barefoot walking at home.  Some adopt barefoot walking as a practice they do daily.

While walking barefoot is by no means a part of traditional medicine, it does belong to the group of practices that are becoming more socially accepted as an effective way of maintaining health. As more people begin to support and practice integrative medicine, it can be expected that walking barefoot will be socially reinforced and gain more popularity.

When a toddler is learning to walk, parents are told to let this process happen naturally, and without shoes.  This is because shoes can affect how a child uses the muscles and bones in their feet. They also receive feedback from the ground when they walk barefoot, and it improves their proprioception (awareness of their body in space). However, in our quest to adjust to the modern world, we tend to shove our feet into shoes and therefore the child loses the importance that is attached to barefoot walking as the child gets older.

Also, walking barefoot in natural surroundings brings you in contact with the earth. This transfers the earth’s electrons into your body, inducing therapeutic effects. These include reduced inflammation, stress, and pain and improved mood and sleep.

I have been asked several times whether it is safe to walk barefoot. Hence, in this article, I examine the science behind barefoot walking and the side effects attached to it.

 Earthing?

“Earthing” means walking barefoot on soil, grass, or sand (i.e. any natural surface). So, to reap the aforementioned benefits, you might have to get off the sidewalk.

The planet has its natural charge, and we seem to do better when we’re in direct contact with it.

Barefoot walking, Science

The important question I asked myself is whether there is any science in barefoot walking.  I found one important answer from  Dr. Jonathan Kaplan, foot and ankle specialist and ororthopaedicurgeon with Hoag Orthopaedic Institute. He asserts:

“The most straightforward benefit to barefoot walking is that in theory, walking barefoot more closely restores our ‘natural’ walking pattern, also known as our gait.”.

He further explains that if you go to any running or walking store and look at diverse pairs of shoes, you will notice that several of them have excessive cushioning and support.

While this pillow-type padding can feel pretty amazing when you walk in these types of shoes, board-certified podiatrist and foot surgeon Dr. Bruce Pinker says they can prevent you from using certain muscle groups that can strengthen your body.

 Barefoot, decreases Inflammation

This question was answered in one study by Oschman et al. (2015) and found that:

Grounding (another name for direct skin contact with the surface of the earth) produced measurable differences in cytokines and compounds involved in the inflammatory process. This effect can be linked to the earth’s electrons.  The study also found that walking barefoot improves our white blood cells and reduces pain.

This is because skin contact with the earth’s surface enables the spread of electrons from the earth to the human body. These electrons enter the body through specific acupuncture points and mucous membranes (residing right under the skin).

A previous study by Chevalier et al. (2012) explained that the antioxidants in our body are made of electrons, which help neutralize free radicals and eventually fight inflammation.

Also, the study found that grounding was also linked to lower anxiety levels. Subjects dealing with anxiety and depression, when grounded to the earth during sleep in their beds (using a conductive mattress pad), experienced improvements in their condition.

Let me state that though this study wasn’t conducted on subjects walking barefoot, however, the mechanism involved was the same.

Barefoot walking, improves cardiovascular health

Some studies have thrown light on the physiological effects of walking barefoot (grounding) in improving cardiovascular health. One such study conducted by Chevalier et al. (2013) found that barefoot walking helps to decrease blood viscosity levels, an effect that may lower hypertension. Due to the sample size, more studies are needed in this area to buttress the beneficial effects of walking barefoot on cardiovascular health.

Barefoot walking, changes the brain

An earlier study (Sokal and Sokal, 2011) found that earthing changed the electrical activity in the brain2, as measured by electroencephalograms. Fast forward, another study (Chevalier et al. 2012) found that grounding aided skin conductivity, moderated heart rate variability, improved glucose regulation, reduced stress, and support immune function.

Barefoot, immunity

Oschman et al. (2015) study affirmed that the transfer of electrons is the key to barefoot walking and enables the body to absorb and donate electrons to the areas that need immune support. The authors further held that the mere fact that we disconnect ourselves from the Earth may be a significant rise in inflammatory-related diseases that have wrecked our weak immune system, and this can be corrected by going back to the earth by barefoot walking.

The reason is that a lack of sufficient electrons in the body can weaken the mitochondria (structures in the body’s cells that are responsible for energy production), leading to chronic fatigue and other issues. Even a minor injury can become a long-term health problem.

Barefoot walking, Reduces Pain

Oschman et al. (2015) study further believe that when we walk barefoot, helps to reduce pain. This is done by altering the numbers of circulating neutrophils and lymphocytes. It also modulates various other factors linked to inflammation.  It further leads to the rapid resolution of painful chronic inflammation. Ravi Teja Tadimalla’s (2022) article further highlights that this could even prevent the signs of inflammation following heat, swelling, and pain.

Barefoot, encourages sleep

Chevalier et al. (2012) study found that walking barefoot can also encourage better sleep.  This is because the earth’s electrons spread to your body and cause multiple beneficial psychological changes, including enhanced sleep every night.

One article by Georgia Kinch (2012) reports that grounding also helps normalize the day-night biological rhythms. This helps you relax and sleep better.  However, it is not recommended you take a walk (let alone walk barefoot) if you have a serious injury.

Barefoot, improves eyesight

Maybe, this could be a ridiculous assertion. However, one study, by Embong et al. (2015) explained that barefoot walking improving eyesight could be due to the reflex points on the foot that are connected to the optic nerves. Is this not surprising that one could improve his or her eyesight by just walking barefoot? Well, this activity doesn’t come without certain caveats. Let us explore them.

Barefoot walking, warnings

Jayasinghe et al. (2007) study found that barefoot walking could expose one to diabetic foot disease in those vulnerable individuals.

The Centers for Disease Control (CDC) affirms that walking barefoot on contaminated soil can also lead to hookworm infection. The larvae (immature worms) present in the contaminated soil can penetrate the skin of humans. This also applies to walking barefoot in areas usually associated with fungal infections.  Andrew Ramirez, (2011) article also notes that areas such as swimming pools, locker rooms, the gym, and the beach are all affected.

Take Home

There is no prescribed duration for barefoot walking, but it is advisable to begin slow and practice walking for 10-15 minutes each day for the first few weeks to ease yourself into the habit.

There are many benefits one could derive from barefoot walking. For instance, Hollander et al. (2016) study found that walking barefoot may strengthen your feet and make them more flexible.

Also, walking barefoot does not cause nerve damage. However, those with existing nerve damage, such as peripheral neuropathy, should avoid walking barefoot to minimize the risk of further injury.

Note also that frequent walking barefoot for a long period may wear down the heel pads on your feet and lead to plantar fasciitis or heel pain.

A previous study also proscribes walking barefoot on concrete and other similar hard surfaces as this could put excess pressure on the heels and lead to foot issues over time (Mohamed et al. 2015).

In submission, walking barefoot has many benefits such as decreasing inflammation, reducing/eliminating chronic pain, improving sleep, increasing energy, normalizing the body’s biological rhythms, improving blood pressure, lessening menstrual symptoms, and dramatically speeding healing time (just to name a few). Therefore, make sure to walk in clean areas and follow good hygiene practices afterwards

NB:

Prof. Nyarkotey has strict sourcing guidelines and relies on peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical associations to justify his write-ups.  My articles are for educational purposes and do not serve as Medical advice for Treatment. I aim to educate the public about evidence-based scientific Naturopathic Therapies.

The writer is a respected Professor of Naturopathic Healthcare, a Medical Journalist, a researcher, an author, and a science writer. President, Nyarkotey College of Holistic Medicine & Technology (NUCHMT)/African Naturopathic Foundation, Ashaiman, Ghana. Currently BL Candidate at the Gambia Law School, Banjul. E. mail: [email protected].

References

  1. Hollander, K., van der Zwaard, B.C., de Villiers, J.E. et al.The effects of being habitually barefoot on foot mechanics and motor performance in children and adolescents aged 6–18 years: study protocol for a multicenter cross-sectional study (Barefoot LIFE project). J Foot Ankle Res 9, 36 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13047-016-0166-1
  2. Andrew Ramirez,(2011) Preventing and treating fungal infections. https://vitalrecord.tamhsc.edu/preventing-and-treating-fungal-infections/
  3. Hookworm(2022). https://www.cdc.gov/parasites/hookworm/index.html
  4. Embong NH, Soh YC, Ming LC, Wong TW. Revisiting reflexology: Concept, evidence, current practice, and practitioner training. J Tradit Complement Med. 2015 Sep 28;5(4):197-206. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2015.08.008. PMID: 26587391; PMCID: PMC4624523.
  5. Oschman JL, Chevalier G, Brown R. The effects of grounding (earthing) on inflammation, the immune response, wound healing, and prevention and treatment of chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. J Inflamm Res. 2015 Mar 24;8:83-96. doi: 10.2147/JIR.S69656. PMID: 25848315; PMCID: PMC4378297.
  6. Chevalier G, Sinatra ST, Oschman JL, Sokal K, Sokal P. Earthing: health implications of reconnecting the human body to the Earth’s surface electrons. J Environ Public Health. 2012;2012:291541. doi: 10.1155/2012/291541. Epub 2012 Jan 12. PMID: 22291721; PMCID: PMC3265077.
  7. Chevalier G, Sinatra ST, Oschman JL, Delany RM. Earthing (grounding) the human body reduces blood viscosity-a major factor in cardiovascular disease. J Altern Complement Med. 2013 Feb;19(2):102-10. doi: 10.1089/acm.2011.0820. Epub 2012 Jul 3. PMID: 22757749; PMCID: PMC3576907.
  8. Georgia Kinch(2012) Body-Earthing. https://u.osu.edu/vanzandt/2018/04/18/body-earthing/
  9. Jayasinghe SA, Atukorala I, Gunethilleke B, Siriwardena V, Herath SC, De Abrew K. Is walking barefoot a risk factor for diabetic foot disease in developing countries? Rural Remote Health. 2007 Apr-Jun;7(2):692. Epub 2007 Jun 15. PMID: 17571928.
  10. Sokal P, Sokal K. The neuromodulative role of earthing. Med Hypotheses. 2011 Nov;77(5):824-6. doi: 10.1016/j.mehy.2011.07.046. PMID: 21856083.

Pinggu District: A valley with a value

Hadram Hydara
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Pinggu District: A valley with a value
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By: Talibeh Hydara

I have been in Beijing for ten days now. It’s very close to the longest I have been away from my family. But the excitement has been nothing sort of extraordinary. Last Wednesday, we were billed to visit Pinggu District, roughly 70km outside Beijing and I had eaten different dishes the day before. Knowing how funny my digestive system is, I had anticipated a potential stomach upset. Like in Nigeria, the Jollof rice and the soup were too pepperish that some of my colleagues spent more time on the toilet seat than on the seat in the lecture hall. It was a disaster!

Moving out of our residence at DRC, a few hundred meters near the ultramodern Galaxy Soho in Chaoyang, the traffic was static, but the streets came to life.

As the bus moved, sitting on the right side and curiously observing the skyscrapers; Industrial Bank Building, BRCB, China National Opera House, Oriental Garden Hotel, were all on the same string. There is flyover over flyover. Beijing is a work of art.

The roads are immaculate. The size. The texture. The design. All top-class. From the Dongwei road to the Pingfang bridge, everything looks like a well-oiled machine.

Welcome to Pinggu District. It means ‘flat valley’ in Chinese, and it is a stunning ecological conservation district; mountains on the east, west and north sides of the settlement and plain valley in the middle.

Pinggu announces itself at the entrance without needing signposts. It is littered with carefully planted trees on either side of the road; from Tonghui, Muyan, Misan, and Cuixing to Pingsan highways.

It’s not just the trees. There is a beautiful scenery of sheep raring, greenhouses and local fishponds. Pinggu is small, a little less than half a million people, but its production capacity and potential are admirably unmatched.

It’s violin time

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Our first port of call was to the famous Beijing Huadong Musical Instrument Co, Ltd, initiated by the revered Dai Hongxiang, Wang Chonggui, two top-class violin makers. It is simply a violin-making complex. We were introduced to all types of violins and their worth, the making of violins and, though rather briefly, even playing them. Making a violin is no child’s play. We’re told that 246 tools are needed to make a violin. I don’t think even a human being would need as many tools to be made. Requiring a genius craftsmanship skill, the stages of violin-making show an intricate process leading to perfection and global appeal. And all the different colours on a violin are extracted from natural ingredients.

For over three decades, the Beijing Huadong Musical Instrument Co, Ltd has blazed the trail for the making of violin family and their violins are sold in more than 30 countries and regions, such as Europe, America and Southeast Asia.

It brags that “one out of every three violins in the world are produced in Donggaocun town”.

It was a relishing experience for me. I have always wanted to play at least one instrument; drum, violin, guitar, kora, or any other musical instrument. Maybe, just maybe, that instrument is a violin, and I might just start learning now.

Zixingyuan food company

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On the schedule, it was specifically stated that it would be a full day. So, I don’t think any of us was happier visiting any other place than a food company.

Zixingyuan Food Technology Co, Ltd is just two years old, covering 12, 900 square meters and with a total investment of 120 million yuan.

The state-of-the-art food company has a processing centre that mainly produces meat, condiments, frozen pasta and rice products, hot-processed pastries, and pre-made dishes, among others.

It also has a production centre divided into a pastry workshop and a cooked-meat workshop, producing.

Mantou, Huajuan (steamed bread), Tanghuoshao (steamed buns with brown sugar and sesame paste), Zenggao (glutinous rice cakes with red beans and dates), sesame paste-flavoured shaobing (small wheat cake sprinkled with sesame seeds), beef pies, Tongguanbing (Chinese hamburger), Jiaozi (dumplings), Wonton, fresh noodles, and semi-dry noodles, and others.

After showing us how food is produced, processed, packaged, weighed and labelled, we were asked to taste. But we almost ate all of it. I roamed between the marinated quail eggs and duck necks like a hungry fox. I didn’t touch the chicken feet though, but I love it. A few among the group argued that there’s nothing to eat on chicken feet. Yes, there is, people. Back home in The Gambia, especially a local chicken, biting its ‘phalanges’ is a joy for me. I’m drawn to it. But to avoid embarrassment, I stayed away from this one. I would have violated the chicken feet.

The group perched on the line-up of different foods like vultures. In 10 minutes, half of the foods, which were only meant to be tasted, have been devoured. The food tasting led us to a nice lunch on a beautiful revolving table, after the ladies among us were all given flowers in observance of International Women’s Day. It was a very thoughtful gesture from our hosts. I must admit I had never seen a revolving table before, only in movies. I don’t even feel embarrassed to mention it because the only thing revolving in The Gambia is poverty.

Yukou poultry

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Beijing WOD Chen-Long Biotechnology Ltd has three competitive companies: Yukou Poultry, specializing in poultry breeding; Smart Food, specializing in chicken processing; and Wode Botron, specialising in the digital economy. It is the world’s largest egg breeder and the leader in agricultural industrialization. With 16 branches and subsidiaries across 12 provinces and cities in China, it has 400,000 grandparent breeders, and 5 million parent breeders with an annual capacity of 250 million chicks and pullets, accounting for over 50% of the market. This is an astonishing complex that blew my mind.  If you know me, then you will know I don’t just love eating chickens, I love buying chicks. In my modest home, I would buy chicks from the market and, because I don’t have money to regularly buy feeds, I would just let them grow among the local chickens. So, the chicks go out and peck whatever is available to them. Pecking insects and other things also makes them stronger than normal chickens. That is my form of subsistence poultry. There are just two things I would definitely leave journalism for: diplomacy and poultry. It was a spellbinding experience visiting the Yukou poultry and seeing how a top-notch poultry operates and having the opportunity to even pick chicks which were only a day old. It was life-changing. We even witnessed a local cooking competition.

Grazing the strawberry farm

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The last place we visited was Nanying Doctor Farm, a cold-formed steel structure greenhouse developed by a team based on years of experience and research in agricultural production.

It has a unique strawberry planting method, allowing the plants to grow naturally without any growth hormones and no soil. There is also a distinctive pest and weed control method.

The farm was lively. The strawberries have grown and most of them are already red and ripe for harvest. Our host said we’re free to pluck it and taste it. I guess he didn’t get the memo of what we did at the food factory. We don’t taste; we consume. We were unleashed on the farm and in no time, the ripe strawberries became scarce. And because it was so delicious and we couldn’t just keep eating, some people had to buy the packaged ones.

We also visited the Jingwa Centre, which sets a firm footing in scientific and technological research and development in the drive to independent innovation.

Pinggu is incredible. It’s a small place that can teach big places big things. China is ahead. Very far ahead. The rest of us have got some catching up to do. Follow me as I continue to bring Beijing to Banjul.

UDP protesters demand IGP to swiftly investigate, prosecute officials engage in corruption

Hadram Hydara
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UDP protesters demand IGP to swiftly investigate, prosecute officials engage in corruption

By: Dawda Baldeh

Hundreds of young people from the opposition United Democratic Party (UDP) youth wing took to the street earlier today demanding the Inspector General of Police (IGP) to swiftly investigate and prosecute officials engaged in corruption while displaying banners that read “corruption kill” among others.

The protesters believed the government is ignoring corruption scandals involving top dignitaries. “No to corruption, where are the missing millions from the ministry of health, securiport scandal, where are the D155 million mutilated notes from the central bank” were among many other issues raised by the pressure group.

“The message is clear and is an anti-corruption message. We have seen multiple reports of alleged corruption in the Gambian media and documented by the Auditor General,” Momodou Sabally said, adding that corruption allegations from the state house and the office of the first lady, national security account are “all ignored.”

“The corruption from the health ministry regarding life-saving funds committed to coronavirus more than one hundred million dalasis. The seating youth minister admitted to engaging in corruption,” he told journalists.

The UDP campaign manager commended the party youth wing for protesting against corruption, which he noted is hindering the country from development.

“The investigation report of the Central Bank mutilated notes is still on president Barrow’s desk, and he is not willing to act,” Ya Kumba Jaiteh asserted.

The youth group led by prominent supporters and the executive of the United Democratic Party accused the IGP of biased investigation of cases.

They were chanting in common voices expressing their declassification in the manner the government is handling corruption matters in the country.

“The government officials are thieves. They are stealing millions of taxpayers’ money. We want our monies back,” Habib ML Ceesay new Jeshwang Ebo-town ward councillor claimed. More than dozens of protesters said the government is not willing to prosecute officials that are involved in corruption.

AFCON U20 final: Gambia’s coach cautions team against overconfidence, hopeful of bringing smile to faces of Gambians

Hadram Hydara
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AFCON U20 final: Gambia’s coach cautions team against overconfidence, hopeful of bringing smile to faces of Gambians

By: Muhammed Lamin Drammeh

Ahead of the Gambia’s historic final in the U20 AFCON against neighbours Senegal, dubbed the Senegambia derby, head coach of the Gambia national U20 side, Abdoulie Bojang, has warned his charges to be wary of overconfidence going into the game but urged them to show respect and bring a smile to the faces of Gambians.

The young scorpions and the young Teranga lions will jostle for the continent’s prestigious U20 trophy in Egypt as both countries look forward to a maiden Africa U20 cup of nations trophy.

In his pre-match press conference ahead of the game, coach Abdoulie Bojang said that his side would not be overconfident, noting that both sides knew each other.

“We should not be overconfident. That is the most important thing. It will be a derby game and we know each other,” he claimed.

The two sides, The Gambia and Senegal, faced each other twice in the WAFU U20 tournament. The Gambia won the first final but lost the second one to Senegal.

A game with pride as two neighbouring nations go head-to-head for the coveted trophy, the Gambian gaffer pointed out that his side has prepared for the game and will try to stop the free-scoring Senegal side from launching their attacks.

“We have a similar record. We are working on stopping where their service is coming from. We have to make sure that we stop that.”

In what will be the biggest game of his career as a coach and for the players too, the whole country is expected to cheer the young scorpions from wherever they will be watching the game. Coach Bojang is fully aware of this and has made his feelings clear that they want to set up their record and win the game for the country, thereby making the Gambians proud.

“The whole nation is behind the team. So, that is why we want to show respect to the game. We want to bring a smile to the face of every Gambian,” he pointed out.

The Gambia, despite some thrilling moments in the U20 category, has never won the competition at the continental level.
A win tomorrow against neighbours Senegal will see the country winning the competition for the first time in the country’s history.

GRA Asst. Chairman, PRO urge govt officials to emulate MoFA Director of Diaspora and Migration

Hadram Hydara
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GRA Asst. Chairman, PRO urge govt officials to emulate MoFA Director of Diaspora and Migration

By: Dawda Baldeh

The Gambia Refugees Association (GRA) Public Relations Officer (PRO) Zakaria Sowe alias Zakz and Omar Jatta the Assistant Chairman of the association have urged government officials representing the country at the international level to emulate Musa Camara, the Director of Diaspora and Migration at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in responding to the concerns of Gambians.

They made these remarks in a recent exclusive interview with The Fatu Network where they buttressed several issues affecting Gambian migrants.

“Musa Camara has always been responding to our concerns and he is never tired of helping the migrants. If we could have people like him in many of our institutions, Gambians will feel the joy of representation,” Omar Jatta said.

Mr. Jatta acknowledged and expressed the association’s gratitude to Mr. Camara for his role in supporting Gambian migrants in both good and bad moments.

“Anytime you reach out to him he is always responsive compared to others who don’t care,” Jatta noted.

The association representatives outlined several meetings they had with Mr. Camara which they noted have yielded dividends for the association.

On his part, Zakaria Sowe, the association PRO urged government officials to learn from Mr. Camara, noting that they are given the positions to serve the people.

“Sometimes if you call or send a message to some government officials, they will not respond especially at the state house, those people don’t respond to our messages. We are urging them to respond to us when we reach out to them,” he emphasized.

The Gambia Refugees Association was established in 2017 to steer the affairs of Gambian migrants in Europe. Since its inception they have made several interventions for the Gambian migrants in different areas, the PRO said.

Ya Kumba Jaiteh: ‘We will give our lives to safe Gambia from corruption’

Hadram Hydara
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Ya Kumba Jaiteh: ‘We will give our lives to safe Gambia from corruption’

By: Dawda Baldeh

Ya Kumba Jaiteh, former nominated National Assembly Member has stated that the opposition United Democratic Party (UDP) youth wing will not relent in their drive to end corruption in the country as they occupied the streets heading to the capital Banjul in what was described as a ‘peaceful protest.’

She was among hundreds of young people from the main opposition party who are demanding the president investigate corruption scandals within the central government.

“We will give our lives to save this country from corruption. The number of people protesting doesn’t matter, it is the message that matters, and we will not relent in pushing to ensure corrupt officials are prosecuted. We will continue to protest for the sake of the country,” she told journalists.

The young female politicians outlined several reported corruption scandals involving several institutions within the central government. This, she said, must be addressed for the country to realize its development aspirations.

“We cannot seat and watch our officials engaging in corruption without stopping them. The world must get these messages because everyone is seeing what is going on in the country,” she added.

The former nominated lawmaker reiterated that they would continue to sacrifice their lives to make sure Gambians enjoy what belongs to them.

“We have been sacrificing and we will continue to fight for the country until we get the Gambia we want and secure the future for the young people,” Hon. Jaiteh emphasized.

The protesters holding different banners believe the government is not concerned about the reported corruption scandals involving prominent personalities.

“The young people are languishing in prison for stealing mobile phones, and smoking cannabis among others but the ministers who confirmed corruption in their ministries are free. The law is here for all, and it should be executed fairly,” Momodou Sabally UDP campaign manager said.

Mr. Sabally who is widely called ‘Baba Laa commando’ added that no one is above the law warning officials to fear Allah even thou they may escape punishment on earth they should think of the hereafter.

Attaya as Aphrodisiac: Boosts Libido and Sexual Pleasure

Hadram Hydara
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Attaya as Aphrodisiac: Boosts Libido and Sexual Pleasure

By Prof. Raphael Nyarkotey Obu

The writer

Attaya as Aphrodisiac: Boosts Libido and Sexual Pleasure

Don’t be too quick to judge as I have noticed in the Gambia without reading. I admonished the fact that desserts in the Gambia are loaded with too much sugar. This can be dealt with through proper education and awareness. Besides, it should not make us shun the natural remedies, delicacies, and cuisines we have in the Gambia. The health benefits are more if we can cut down the sugar, or better still prepare them ourselves.  Attaya, wonjo, and many others have so many benefits, but we end up overburdening our health with sugar.

Don’t be surprised to read that a cup of attaya can help improve your sex drive in both men and women.  This is because attaya is green tea, and science has revealed the potency of green tea to spice up your sex life.

Attaya, widely known in the Gambia, Sierra Leone, Senegal, Liberia, Ghana, and other African countries is akin to Matcha in Japan. So, Attaya is African green tea as I will call it. The only disappointment is that attaya is still not cultivated in Africa. It is cultivated by the Chinese and exported to Africa. I have written extensively on the benefits of attaya since my arrival in the Gambia, but I felt I needed to share this with you.

 Aphrodisiacs?

Aphrodisiacs were named after Aphrodite, the Grecian goddess of love. According to Greek mythology, Aphrodite originally came from the ocean and took her shape from sea form.

What makes attaya an aphrodisiac?

The Gambia attaya is from green tea and has an intimate effect due to the powerful feel-good effect triggered by L-theanine. L-theanine, which is found in large quantities in green tea, has been studied to be an excellent social lubricant that lowers anxiety and stress levels, allowing individuals to make genuine connections and authentic conversations. L-theanine was discovered as a constituent of green tea in 1949 by Sakato and in 1964 was approved as a food additive in Japan.

In my article on attaya and brain function, I highlighted that L-theanine increases dopamine and serotonin production in the brain with evidence from human electroencephalograph (EEG) studies showing that it has a direct effect on the brain. L-theanine significantly increases activity in the alpha frequency band which indicates that it relaxes the mind without inducing drowsiness.

Green tea has been used for centuries as a natural aphrodisiac in Japan, tastefully setting the stage for intimacy with its fragrant aromatic chemicals and natural libido-boosting compounds (Ali et al. 2013).

Old research (Chen et al. 2013) has unexpectedly found that tea drinking was positively related to sexual orgasm and sexual satisfaction in female hypertensive patients. The study, therefore, hypothesizes that long-term regular consumption of tea may play a role in sexual activity.

Also, a flavonoid called epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) can lower your testosterone levels if you drink enough green tea. However, moderate consumption of green tea may provide health benefits due to a compound called catechin. Catechin’s antioxidant properties aid in the elimination of free radicals that would otherwise damage blood vessel linings and compromise blood flow.

L-theanine triggers the pleasure centre of the brain, releasing dopamine.

One recent study by Baba et al. (2021) found that green tea contains significant concentrations of l-theanine, which has been heavily studied to increase dopamine generation in men and women. Dopamine — released when the body consumes l-theanine from green tea powder — is a chemical neurotransmitter that triggers the pleasure centre in your brain. So when you drink attaya, it naturally boosts blood flow, alleviates anxiety, and increases overall sexual attraction and enjoyment.

Attaya caffeinated but has an effect on sex drive for both men and women

Studies admonished the effect of green tea during sex. Hence, drinking attaya can help. According to Russ Mason(2008), two small human studies showed that within 30-40 minutes of consuming 50 or 200 mg of L-theanine, there is an increase in alpha wave activity/electrical signals produced by the brain. The perceived relaxation effect in the subjects coincided with the detection of alpha waves. This shows that L-theanine fosters a state of alert relaxation, which is consistent with the fact that anxious people have fewer or smaller alpha waves.

Other same studies found that L-theanine, at realistic dietary levels, has a significant effect on the general state of mental alertness or arousal. It is well established that female sexual dysfunctions and low desire, in particular, are frequently associated with an elevated level of psychological stress. Consequently, anything that can be done to promote relaxation and reduce the effects of stress may be able to help. The amino acid L-theanine fits this description.

Recent studies by (Peng et al. 2021; Ali et al. 2013) established that green tea is loaded with large amounts of caffeine, which has been studied to increase sexual desire — especially among women. The calming effect of green tea also improves your holistic sex drive, increasing energy and endurance during intercourse among men and women.

Attaya: erectile dysfunction and longer-lasting erections.

This is what I always pray for. This is the response: Keske et al. (2015) study confirmed that green tea powder lowers blood pressure and improves circulation by triggering a natural process known as vasodilation.

Vasodilation helps the relaxation of the blood vessels and supports the body and brain to get extra oxygen and nutrients. Hence, drinking green tea powder even was reported to help men achieve hard and more enjoyable, longer-lasting erections. One animal-based study (Neves et al. 2008) found that signs of erectile dysfunction were reduced and largely reduced by giving a concentration of green tea serum for six months.

Another study, by Keske et al. (2015) that green tea’s libido-boosting benefits are also due to the exceptional content of polyphenols and catechins it contains.  For instance, one top green tea product matcha is cultivated, grown, and harvested in a special way to safeguard maximum potency. Catechins work in the body, killing off free radicals and stopping damage to inflamed blood vessels. They cause blood vessel cells to expel nitric oxide, which increases the size of blood vessels and improves overall blood flow.

Green tea has been shown to increase sex drive in menopausal women.

Elara Hadjipateras’s (2022) article asserts that there is one top green tea product known as matcha, which studies have found to increase sex drive in menopausal women.  Matcha has even been studied to help reduce and alleviate the signs and symptoms of menopause in women — including the lack of interest in sex.

Hence, regularly drinking green tea products such as attaya or matcha can help balance estrogen levels and has been shown to work extraordinarily well for improving the sex lives of menopausal women.

Green tea product has also been shown to combat signs and symptoms of depression. Just in case you feel some decrease in the sexual drive due to seasonal depression, regularly drinking attaya or green tea products may help.

Take Home

Attaya green tea has proven in research that it can be an easy and effective natural aphrodisiac that boosts libido and overall sexual pleasure while also offering a grounding and blissful effect.

I am just excited that attaya or green tea products can be used as a natural aphrodisiac, though there is still more research that needs to be done when it comes to interaction with prescription medications and other common health conditions.

In conclusion, though several factors affect our libido, and have to be taken in holistic ways, scientific natural remedies have been proven to help.

 NB:

Prof. Nyarkotey has strict sourcing guidelines and relies on peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical associations to justify his write-ups.  My articles are for educational purposes and do not serve as medical advice for Treatment. I aim to educate the public about evidence-based scientific Naturopathic Therapies.

The writer is a Professor of Naturopathic Healthcare, a Medical Journalist, and a science writer. President, Nyarkotey University College of Holistic Medicine & Technology (NUCHMT)/African Naturopathic Foundation, Ashaiman, Ghana. Currently BL Candidate at the Gambia Law School, Banjul. E. mail: [email protected]. +2207452652 (for more information) 

References

  1. Ali, J., Ansari, S., & Kotta, S. (2013). Exploring scientifically proven herbal aphrodisiacs. Pharmacognosy Reviews, 7(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.4103/0973-7847.112832
  2. Baba, Y., Inagaki, S., Nakagawa, S., Kaneko, T., Kobayashi, M., & Takihara, T. (2021). Effects of l-Theanine on Cognitive Function in Middle-Aged and Older Subjects: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Study. Journal of Medicinal Food, 24(4), 333–341. https://doi.org/10.1089/jmf.2020.4803
  1. Chen XJ, Pang D, Li LP, Chen YQ, Tan XR. A hypothesis on the relationship between tea drinking and sexual activity. World J Hypertens 2013; 3(4): 32-36 [DOI: 10.5494/wjh.v3.i4.32]
  1. Keske, M. A., Ng, H. L., Premilovac, D., Rattigan, S., Kim, J. A., Munir, K., Yang, P., & Quon, M. J. (2015). Vascular and metabolic actions of the green tea polyphenol epigallocatechin gallate. Current medicinal chemistry, 22(1), 59–69. https://doi.org/10.2174/0929867321666141012174553
  2. Neves, D., Assunção, M., Marques, F., Andrade, J. P., & Almeida, H. (2008). Does regular consumption of green tea influence expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and its receptor in aged rat erectile tissue? Possible implications for vasculogenic erectile dysfunction progression. AGE, 30(4), 217–228. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-008-9051-6
  3. Opuwari, C., & Monsees, T. (2020). Green tea consumption increases sperm concentration and viability in male rats and is safe for reproductive, liver and kidney health. Scientific Reports, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-72319-6
  4. Patisaul, H. B., & Jefferson, W. (2010). The pros and cons of phytoestrogens. Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology, 31(4), 400–419. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yfrne.2010.03.003
  5. Peng, X., Zhang, M., Wang, X., Wu, K., Li, Y., Li, L., Yang, J., Ruan, Y., Bai, R., Ma, C., & Liu, N. (2021). Sex differences in the association between green tea consumption and hypertension in elderly Chinese adults. BMC Geriatrics, 21(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-021-02431-3
  6. Samavat, H., Wu, A. H., Ursin, G., Torkelson, C. J., Wang, R., Yu, M. C., Yee, D., Kurzer, M. S., & Yuan, J. M. (2019). Green Tea Catechin Extract Supplementation Does Not Influence Circulating Sex Hormones and Insulin-Like Growth Factor Axis Proteins in a Randomized Controlled Trial of Postmenopausal Women at High Risk of Breast Cancer. The Journal of Nutrition, 149(4), 619–627. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/nxy316
  7. Webster, A. D., Finstad, D. A., Kurzer, M. S., & Torkelson, C. J. (2018). Quality of life among postmenopausal women enrolled in the Minnesota Green Tea Trial. Maturitas, 108, 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.maturitas.2017.10.013
  8. Jenkinson, C., Petroczi, A., Barker, J., & Naughton, D. P. (2012). Dietary green and white teas suppress UDP-glucuronosyltransferase UGT2B17 mediated testosterone glucuronidation. Steroids, 77(6), 691–695. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.steroids.2012.02.023

 

 

 

ML Badjie: ‘KMC Mbalit Project is a scam aimed at enriching Mayor Bensouda’

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ML Badjie: ‘KMC Mbalit Project is a scam aimed at enriching Mayor Bensouda’

By: Lolly Sowe

Momodou Lamin Badjie, the former finance chairman of the Kanifing Municipal Council (KMC) under Yankuba Colley’s tenure, has described the KMC ‘Mbalit Project’ as a scam aimed at enriching Talib Ahmed Bensouda.  

Mr. Badjie made these assertions at a press conference held in Talinding by former Mayor Yankuba Colley.

“The Mbalit project is a scam because the cost was not a hundred and ninety million (D190,000,000.00) as the actual cost is hundred and sixty-nine thousand (D169,000, 000.00.)

However, the former council finance chairman admitted that during their tenure, they took a debt of D9,000,000.00. This he noted was used to provide services like toilet facilities that were dilapidated.

“We had served well at Bakau market during our tenure. But Talib Bensouda deluded everything when he came to power even the digitalization and modernization in KMC,” he claimed.

“Bakary B Darboe then committee service and Lamin Camara are with Talib in frustration without qualifications.

“They are doing a contract of infrastructural development without due process, not tendered, no contract award and funds in building Bakoteh dumb side, D100 million multi-purpose SOS German project, Serrekunda mini stadium as well as the 23km road which is all in due process,” he added.

Meanwhile, Lamin Badjie told journalists that the paying of 2 to 3 million streetlights burden was lifted from the council to GRA.

“President Barrow is paying 36 million dalasis on streetlights for Kanifing Municipality Council,” Badjie said.

He claimed that Talib hasn’t built or upgraded any school since they left office after building Charles Jaw Senior School with a complete technical block, science, and IT department with 100% council funding as well as providing salaries and equipment for the school which is now producing best students.

“We built Jangjang road, Sainey Njie street from Nustrat junction to Bundung mosque, Marseh Ngelew way to Bundung, Talinding road heading to the river, Churchill’s town Abuko road with 5 million towards the project.

“Dippa Kunda, Kololi, and Senegambia designing, and the concept was brought by Yankuba Colley even the Latrikunda Sabiji building he inaugurated and his office,” he explained.

Mr. Badjie further claimed that Mayor Bensouda is collecting D300 million due to the increment they made including daily fees, taxes, rates, businesses, and companies.

He challenged Mayor Bensouda to a debate on the matter if he denied the allegations.

Barrow’s partisan Commission of Inquiry and matters arising

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Barrow’s partisan Commission of Inquiry and matters arising
By: Dawda Baldeh
Barrow’s partisan Commission of Inquiry and matters arising
 Photo source: Gainako Online

President Adama Barrow, on Friday, February 24, 2023, swore in a Commission of Inquiry to investigate the conduct of Local Councils just a month before the upcoming Local Government Elections, scheduled on May 20, 2023, in The Gambia.

The move by the president received criticism from different politicians and individuals. Some described it as a “witch-hunt” targeting opposition-led councils, with few praising him for the move.

At a press briefing held at the Kanifing Municipal Council (KMC) by The Gambia Association of Local Government Authorities (GALGA), Landing B. Sanneh, the Chairman of Mansa Konko Area Council and President of the Association, read a statement.

Sanneh claims that most commissioners set to conduct local government councils and related activities are known members of the National People’s Party (NPP). See the full video at The Fatu Network (17:29 onwards), an online media house in The Gambia established since President Yahya Jammeh.

Given the controversy over the constitution of the Commission of Inquiry, DUBAWA attempts to discover who the commissioners are, their political connections or affiliations with the President’s party, the criteria used in selecting them and whether or not these criteria were adhered to. We will also explore the legal implications associated with the choice of personnel for the Commission.

What did the law say about Commissions of Inquiry?

CHAPTER XVIII Section 200 of the 1997 constitution of The Gambia gives the president the power to establish a commission of inquiry to look into the conduct of any public officer. This includes District Seyfo (a district chief), Alkalo (village head), or persons managing any department or authority of the public service or any local government or public enterprise.

What are the criteria for selecting Commissioners? 

Amid controversy over who should be appointed a Commissioner and whether or not they can have partisan lenses, DUBAWA found as follows;

CHAPTER XVIII Section 201 of the 1997 constitution of The Gambia subsection (1) outlines the criteria for selecting a presiding commissioner/chairperson in a commission of inquiry.

Subsection (1) states that a person shall not be appointed a sole Commissioner or the Chairperson of a Commission of Inquiry unless:

(a) he or she is or has been, a judge of a superior court, whether in The Gambia or outside it; or

(b) he or she is qualified to be appointed a judge of a superior court.

It is clear that partisan considerations are not part of the criteria for selecting a Commissioner. However, the functions of the Commission are why the critics of the president are demanding a non-partisan representation.

Functions of a commission of inquiry?

Section 202 of the 1997 constitution states the functions of a commission of inquiry.

(1) A Commission of Inquiry shall:

(a) make a full and impartial investigation into the matter in respect of which the Commission is established; and (b) furnish in writing a report on the results of the inquiry, including a statement of the reasons leading to the conclusions of the Commission.

(2) A Commission of Inquiry shall have all the powers, rights and privileges of a judge of the High Court at a trial in respect of:

(a) enforcing the attendance of witnesses and examining them on oath, affirmation or otherwise;

(b) compelling the production of documents;

(c) issuing a commission or request for the examination of witnesses abroad, and

(d) making interim orders.

What are other people saying about this new commission?

Demba Ali Jawo, a former Information Minister under President Barrow, is of the view that the president is within his constitutional power to establish a commission of inquiry into the conduct of local government councils; however, he doubts the timing and impartiality of the Commission members as the country is heading to the polls in a few weeks.

“The timing of the commission is not only suspicious, but it seems to have all the hallmarks of a political witch hunt, with the next local government elections just a few weeks away.

“We have all seen or heard how President Barrow, both in words and action, had shown his determination to wrest control of the councils, particularly the KMC and Banjul, from his main political rival, the UDP, in the forthcoming local government elections,” he said.

Others described the commission as a “witch-hunt” targeting United Democratic Party (UDP) candidates occupying most of the seats.

“This latest attempt at election interference by the Barrow administration is calculated to impose Barrow’s preferred albeit incompetent, ethically and morally compromised choices on The Gambian electorate at the local level,” UDP said in a press release.

Who are the commissioners?

Chairperson Jainaba Bah Sambou, others include Samba Faal, Oreme E. Joiner, Sukai Secka Sanyang, and Alhaji Sillah, a former Banjul Lawmaker. 

Initially, Imam Baba Leigh, who works at the National Human Rights Commission (NHRC), was on the list. However, he quickly withdrew his appointment to the newly established Commission of Inquiry, saying accepting such an appointment would breach the NHRC Act 2017.

DUBAWA investigations further revealed that Oreme Joiner, among the five commissioners, was once a co-opted National People’s Party (NPP) member before President Adama Barrow appointed him as the Vice Chairperson of the Independent Electoral Commission (IEC) in 2021. =

This appointment was condemned by many, with some calling for his removal as Vice Chair of the Independent Electoral Commission (IEC) and suggesting opposition parties go against the appointment, saying he is not fit to occupy that position. See the report on The Fatu Network online media.

The United Democratic Party (UDP), the main opposition party in The Gambia, issued a press release condemning the appointment of Mr Oreme Joiner.

Photo source UDP Facebook Page

Mr Oreme Joiner, a retired Banker, appeared in the NPP Banjul Executives as a co-opted member in 2021.  Image source: Photo of NPP 2021.

After a huge public outcry erupted over the appointment of Oreme E Joiner, amid reports that he is a National People’s (NPP) member, the government rescinded the appointment. Meanwhile, Alhagie Sillah, a former Banjul National Assembly member, replaced Imam Baba Leigh, who withdrew from the commission.  Even the replacement was not without controversy.

DUBAWA contacted Modou Lamin B. Bah, National Assembly Member for Banjul North Constituency, who accused Alhagie Sillah of openly supporting President Adama Barrow in the run-up to the December 2021 Presidential elections and also campaigned for his candidates in the April 9 Parliamentary election.

“Hon Alhagie Sillah has been openly supporting the NPP, and a clear manifestation was during the Presidential election in 2022. We saw him openly with an NPP vehicle campaigning for the President, and during the Parliamentary election in 2022, he was campaigning for NPP aspirants,” Bah said.


He further revealed that the appointee was seen “openly doing house to house for the NPP Candidate for Banjul North.”

“Antouman Ngaache Ngalaama Sa Legai Rafeet Na!” (Wolof language) Translations of the text in the pictures (Thank you, Abdoulie. Your Job is Very Good. April 9th, 2022, Victory is for Wadda by Allah’s grace,” Ousman Wadda wrote on his Facebook page.

Pictures of Alhajie Sillah campaigning for the NPP aspirants during the parliamentary election of 2022 are on his Facebook page. Two of the five commissioners sworn by the president have a political connection, while there is no evidence of their involvement in politics for the rest of the three.

Conclusion

President Barrow’s appointment of Commission of the Inquiry members to investigate the local councils has no doubt generated a heated debate. It has led to many rescissions by the appointees. While the president may not have breached the law in appointing persons believed to have partisan affiliations to his party, that singular action may have robbed the Commission of the perception of independence, fairness and objectivity needed for it to do its job.

The researcher produced this explainer per the DUBAWA 2023 Kwame KariKari Fellowship partnership with (The Fatu Network) Daily Trust to facilitate the ethos of “truth” in journalism and enhance media literacy in the country.

Traumatized ‘backway’ returnees narrate ordeals

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Traumatized ‘backway’ returnees narrate ordeals

By: Fatou Kebbeh

Trauma, according to American Psychological Association (APA), is an emotional response to a terrible event like an accident, rape, or natural disaster. Migration-related trauma to be more specific can rob people of the opportunity to live up to their fullest potential, and this should not be a limit placed on anyone, regardless of their geographic or social position.

A female migrant returnee who asked for anonymity said the back way is not an easy road, and whoever goes through the journey, is most likely to be traumatized. The female returnee said despite these deadly experiences, society judged and pointed fingers at her.

“I barely mingle with people when I came back, all I wanted was to be alone. As a female, it wasn’t a nice experience because I was exposed to hardships, and all kinds of torture and the saddest part is being homeless,” she said.

However, she is now a student, studying Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and the English Language.

Migration is a fundamental human right, however, unlike regular migration, irregular migration could land a person in deadly destinations.

Mustapha Sallah, president of Youth Against Irregular Migration (YAIM) and a migrant returnee, said the journey is very traumatizing, risky and deadly. He said the journey is full of challenges because one faces challenges from the planning to the very end.

“I was jailed for four months, tortured, and lost friends who were killed in my presence. I wouldn’t dare speak, because if I had, I would have been killed,” the backway returnee narrated.

Sallah said seeing traumatic situations and being traumatized is something he took with full faith and that has helped him in healing faster.

“Though we were abandoned during our arrival and didn’t receive the proper psychological support because being counselled for just two days wasn’t enough to erase the trauma we had,” he added.

He calls on the government and NGOs to help migrant returnees, saying they need that to stand strong again.

Madam Kantara, a psychologist, said trauma is caused by a lot of things and these can be physical, verbal, and psychological abuse.

The university lecturer said trauma is something very serious and can affect an individual for a long time, adding that it goes beyond affecting mental health.

“Giving these people money is not going to help them overcome their trauma. It’s [trauma] overcome through a series of discussions that counsellors or therapists can help with,” she said.

According to an article published by Foroyaa Newspaper, on the 17 of August 2017, eight hundred and fifteen (815) Gambian migrants were previously returned, adding that a good number of the returnees were traumatized as a result of the difficult moments they experienced on their way to Libya and while in Libya.

The Gambia Rubs Shoulders with ‘Those Who Carry Last’ at UN Conference

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The Gambia Rubs Shoulders with ‘Those Who Carry Last’ at UN Conference

By: Bully Sowe

Picture this: instead of sipping champagne and hobnobbing with the G20 elite, you find yourself jetting off to attend a conference for the “Least Developed Countries Association”. And guess who’s the star of this show? None other than the Gambia, a nation that’s been slapped with the label of “Least Developed Country”. Despite being independent for over half a century, poverty levels have soared to absurd heights, and development has taken a nosedive. And yet, here we are, with our illustrious leaders gleefully spending taxpayers’ cash to attend this pathetic pity party, all the while proud to be members of the “Association of Those Who Carry Last”.

On a balmy Sunday, Foreign Minister Tangara travelled to the bustling city of Doha in Qatar to participate in the infamous Conference of Least Developed Countries Association which lasted for five days. A gathering of nations that have been plagued by poverty and underdevelopment. One couldn’t help but wonder – was The Gambia the least developed of them all?

Attending a conference for the “Least Developed Countries Association” is like going to a restaurant to beg for scraps from other diners’ plates while proudly wearing a bib that says “I’m with the Beggars.” It’s just downright pathetic.

As a Gambian, it is disheartening to see our country still being labelled as one of the “Least Developed Countries” in the world. Our leaders have failed us in many ways, from the lack of vision and foresight to blatant incompetence in leading our nation towards progress and prosperity. It’s time for them to take responsibility and prioritize the development of our country.

I cannot help but marvel at the sheer ridiculousness of the Least Developed Countries conference held in Doha, Qatar. What a misnomer! It’s a euphemism for the “Beggars Conference” where African leaders gather to showcase their ineptitude and incompetence.

Among the countries that made up the list are The Gambia, Afghanistan, Laos, Yemen, Benin, Somalia, G/Bissau, South Sudan Kiribati, Tuvalu, Haiti, and Chad.

While some proponents of attending the conference may argue that it presents a unique opportunity for African leaders to gain insight into successful development strategies, it begs the question: how can they learn from others when they have failed to learn from their own mistakes? If our leaders are truly committed to progress and development, they must first acknowledge and address the root causes of poverty and underdevelopment within their own nations before seeking solutions elsewhere.

Our leaders must take accountability and work collaboratively to achieve growth and advancement. It is intolerable that decades after independence, we remain at the nadir of the development spectrum.

As the sun sets on yet another day, it’s hard not to feel a sense of despair wash over us. For 58 years now, we have been a sovereign nation, independent and free to chart our own destiny. And yet, here we are, still struggling to overcome the challenges of poverty, underdevelopment, and a lack of leadership. It’s a sad reality that we must face head-on, as a nation in need of serious soul-searching. How did we get here? Where did we go wrong?

And more importantly, how can we finally break free from the chains that have held us back for so long? These are the questions that must be answered if we are to move forward and realize the full potential of our beloved country.

As the beggars’ conference draws to an end, I wonder what crumbs the Gambian delegation will bring back home to their starving people. Will Foreign Minister Tangara arrive with a handful of “Last-place” trophies or a gold-plated begging bowl? Either way, the outcome remains bleak for a nation that has been reduced to attending such humiliating events in search of aid.

 

MC Cham Jr: ‘We should focus on voting against NPP candidates’

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MC Cham Jr: ‘We should focus on voting against NPP candidates’

By: Dawda Baldeh

Opposition Gambia Democratic Congress (GDC) campaign manager Momodou MC Cham Jr has urged the United Democratic Party (UDP) youth wing to call off their planned protest, saying the focus from all parties should be on voting against the incumbent National People’s Party’s (NPP) candidates in the local government election.

MC Cham said protests are good to strengthen democracy, however, he described the UDP planned protest as “untimely” noting that he is concerned about the timing as elections draw nearer.

“If we want to fight against corruption, we should consider the timing and focus on mobilizing electorates to vote against NPP candidates. The corruption we are all seeing in the country is too much and the evidence is clear,” he said.

The young politician cited the recent D10 million scandals from the Global fund involving the ministry of health as an example of many corruption cases.

“Taxpayers who don’t know how and where the money was spent are going to repay it. I think the time the UDP youth wing wants to protest is not the best,” he added.

According to him, NPP should be stopped through the ballots from winning seats in the local government to end corruption.

“Gambians are frustrated because things are moving from bad to worst daily. The protest may pull out a huge crowd and some people will just come there to cause chaos in the country. UDP should call off the protest and engage their representatives at the National Assembly to push the Anti-corruption bill to be passed,” he suggested.

Mr. Cham said he is optimistic that if the protest succeeds on Friday, there will be a counter-protest by other groups as people have seen previously.

“The only thing we can do now to end corruption under President Barrow’s leadership is through our votes. Protesters can match and deliver their petition and that’s where it stops nothing will happen afterwards,” he reiterated.

The GDC campaign manager noted that the only way the government will listen to people is through elections.

“UDP should review their decision. We should focus on campaigning for our candidates to stop NPP from controlling the councillors, mayors and chairmen positions,” he ended.

Meanwhile, the UDP youth wing over the week obtained a permit from the office of the Inspector General of Police to proceed with their planned protest. They said the purpose is to show their dissatisfaction with alleged corruption scandals in the central government.

Ex-KMC Mayor Colley warns Bensouda against ‘tribal politics’

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Ex-KMC Mayor Colley warns Bensouda against ‘tribal politics’

By: Lolly Sowe

The former mayor of Kanifing Municipality Yankuba Colley has warned Mayor Talib Ahmed Bensouda to desist from “tribal politics”, saying he should welcome all irrespective of their political affiliation.

Colley made these remarks at a recent press conference as he responded to comments made by Talib Ahmed Bensouda during his municipality tour.

Responding to comments by mayor Bensouda’s assertions that Jolas are only from Foni, Colley noted that Jolas are found in different places in the country.

“Talib should watch his tone when speaking because they have done nothing wrong to him, not all Jolas are from Casamance, he shouldn’t be tribalistic when speaking,” he warned.

He claimed that during his tenure, he used to welcome everyone irrespective of their tribe or political affiliations.

Mr. Colley said he has left a legacy in the council due to his work during his tenure.

“I don’t compare myself to others because I lead and now, they are following. I have brought development projects in the council some of whom Mayor Bensouda is taking credit for,” he asserted.

He explained that he has worked hard in Council to reduce suffering during his tenure.

Mr. Colley claimed that during his service at the council, he was audited twice and once after his tenure but was never found wanting.

The former APRC mayor told journalists that he “never wasted public funds” while accusing mayor Bensouda of mismanagement of public funds.

“I have responded to the problems in the council and solved them. I never run from my responsibilities,” he added.

He noted that the first thing he did in office was purchase 29 tractors and trailers with no over-taxes from the people.

“Talib is collecting six million (D6000,000.00) for salaries alone unlike my days when it was 2 million which I was paying,” Mr. Colley claimed.

According to the Ex-KMC mayor, Bensouda stopped staff with medical insurance when he came into the office which was existing during his time on ruling in assisting those staff.

He admitted to having a debt of nine million dalasis (D9000,000.00) during his time as mayor.

“Under Bensouda’s tenure, the council has a current debt of D15 million dalasis,” he added.

The former KMC boss further asserted that Bensouda doesn’t know his staff.

He also denied claims that he spent over nine million dalasis on ex-President Jammeh’s birthday celebrations when he was a national mobilizer.

KMC Councilors refute former mayor’s Corruption allegations against Mayor Bensouda

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KMC Councilors refute former mayor’s Corruption allegations against Mayor Bensouda

By: Dawda Baldeh

A group of councillors in the Kanifing Municipality headed by Karamo Ceesay, councillor for Talinding South Ward, who doubles as the chairman of the finance and revenue committee have refuted corruption allegations labelled against KMC Mayor Talib Ahmed Bensouda, yesterday by Yankuba Colley, the former mayor under the APRC.

Mr. Colley asserted that Talib Ahmed Bensouda don’t know his staff and they can’t access him anytime without booking an appointment.

“Talib doesn’t know his staff because he doesn’t interact with them. Bensouda has destroyed the council and he cannot bring any development to the council,” said Yankuba Colley.

They described the allegations as “un-factual and misleading” and urged people to distance themselves from such claims, saying they are politically motivated.

“During Yankuba Colley’s tenure, individuals were collecting monthly salaries without offering any services to the council. They are ghost workers who will come to the council every month to collect salaries claiming they are the council’s staff.

Evidence obtained at the press conference reveals that from 2014 to 2016 individuals’ councils and other members request payment for a birthday celebration.

“Modou Lamin Badjie former, councillor of Ebo-town, requested cheque number 006 from Zenith Bank Ltd voucher no PV150391 dated 21st May 2015 at the tune of D260, 000.00 plus annual expenses of five hundred thousand dalasis independence celebration in a form of impress,” Karamo Ceesay revealed, adding that the same people were requesting D500, 000.00 annually between 2014 to 2016.

At a press conference yesterday, the former Mayor of KMC Yankuba Colley dismissed Mayor Bensouda’s claims that when he assumed office the council was having a debt of nine million dalasis (D9, 000,000.00) “The council is currently having (D15, 000, 000.00) more than fifteen million dalasis,” Mr. Colley claimed.

These comments triggered the councillors to respond on behalf of their boss who is currently engaged. They accused the former KMC mayor and his people of paying monies to guests from Casamance who came for an independence celebration at the tune of D512, 400 and they were lodged at Badala Park.

“They used taxpayers’ money to buy already used vehicles which is against the procurement act which “taxpayers’ money cannot be used to buy used vehicles.”

“Most of those vehicles are not road worthy and they haven’t used them to collect waste since they were purchased,” Karamo Ceesay told journalists.

According to them, Ousman Rambo Jatta received a sum of D230, 000.00 from KMC for a community radio station in 2016 through the Sanyang Kunda enterprise which they said was owned and operated by a nominated councillor Modou Lamin Sanyang.

“Mr. Rambo is not a registered vendor and since some equipment has been delivered while others are still not delivered,” Mr. Ceesay added.
The councillors said Mayor Bensouda has never belittled any staff at the council. “The appointments are made for the mayor to be accessible to the people and this is done because the mayor doesn’t want his office to be chaotic,” Ceesay refuted assertions that the mayor is not accessible.

According to the councillors, if the office of the mayor is left accessible to all at any time it will be difficult for him to concentrate and deliver. “This is why there are days allocated for people who want to see him. The Mayor works from Monday to Saturday,” he added.

Chaos over result marred NPP primary for BAC chairmanship

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Chaos over result marred NPP primary for BAC chairmanship

By: Ousman Saidykhan

The National People’s Party’s (NPP) primary for the Brikama Area Council (BAC) chairmanship on Wednesday, 8th March fell into arrays of controversies causing a stalemate between the ad hoc electoral body and some sections of the delegates.

A dispute amongst members of the party in the hall at the Regional Education Directorate in Brikama rendered no room for a winner to be declared at the end of what was supposed to be a “peaceful” primary.

The disagreement started when chewing gum was found in the ballot box of Ahmed Gitteh during counting.

Because the chewing gum was not counted, it has been announced both Gitteh and Seedy Ceesay have scored thirty (30) votes.

If the chewing gum is counted, Gitteh would have been declared the winner, with just one vote more than Ceesay, a TV host on QTV.

It could not be traced who put the gum in the box, but Gitteh’s supporters say the gum should have been counted to make it thirty-one (31) votes for their candidate.

After some minutes of consultation, the body responsible for the primary said the chewing gum was an invalid vote.

They decided that the delegates go home and return to the same hall in Brikama on Tuesday, the new week, for voting between Ahmed Gitteh and Seedy Ceesay.

Ahmed Gitteh’s supporters are not happy with the authorities’ decision. They accused the regional executive of foul play in the process, and they said they would not return for any election between their candidate and Ceesay as they believe Gitteh has been cheated on.

Six candidates threw their hats in the primary. Basiru Darboe and Kora Jassey both got zero (0) votes while Lamin F Bojang and Lamin Basse Bojang got seventeen (17) and three (3) votes respectively. Both Seedy Ceesay and Ahmed Gitteh got 30 votes as announced by the electoral body.

All the candidates announced in front of the delegates that they would follow anyone who emerges as the winner. However, no winner could be announced yet.

Although, another election between Ceesay and Gitteh, some sections of the delegates who already celebrated Gitteh’s win, remain unhappy about the process.

Anyone who emerges as the winner from the second round will face United Democratic Party’s Yankuba Darboe. It is expected to be a tough battle. The incumbent Chairman, Sheriffo Sonko won the seat under the UDP ticket. Although, he later left the UDP for NPP.

Mufti Menk’s epic football analogy leaves Manchester United fans chuckling

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Mufti Menk’s epic football analogy leaves Manchester United fans chuckling

By: Bully Sowe

The East London Mosque was abuzz as Islamic scholar Mufti İsmail Menk took the stage for his Pre-Ramadan Boost Lecture series. While the spiritual preparation for the holy month was the focal point of his talk, it was his hilarious football analogy that had the audience in stitches. And, unfortunately for Manchester United fans, they were the butt of his joke. “Yesterday’s 7-0 loss,” Mufti Menk began with a grin, “reminds me of the gruelling preparation that goes into entering the holy month of Ramadan with purity.” The audience roared with laughter as he went on to compare the dedication of football players to that of those embarking on the spiritual journey of Ramadan. “Sometimes they will come in as a substitute, create a bit of damage, and go back,” he joked, leaving the audience in hysterics.

It was a brilliant use of humour, and one that left Manchester United fans red-faced. One Manchester United fan even took to social media to express his embarrassment. He wrote, “Not even Mufti will spare us”, to which Mufti Menk responded, “I never knew my witty joke would land me in trouble (with United fans) after his analogy.

It seems they’ve taken a hit for seven goals, and now one more. Mufti Menk’s use of satire and humour is a refreshing departure from the serious tone often taken by Islamic scholars. His ability to draw on contemporary events and cultural references to make his teachings relatable is a gift that has endeared him to his followers.

But it’s not just during his lectures that Mufti Menk’s humour shines through. His social media accounts are filled with witty one-liners and playful banter, showing that even the most serious of scholars can have a sense of humour.

As we approach the holy month of Ramadan, let us remember that even in the most solemn of times, there is room for laughter and joy. And who knows, maybe even Manchester United fans will find something to chuckle about during their preparations.

As the laughter and joy of Mufti Menk’s pre-Ramadan lecture fades, we are left with a sense of inspiration and gratitude for the gift of his teachings. His ability to bring humour and levity to even the most solemn of topics is a reminder that the journey of faith is not a burdensome one, but one that can be filled with moments of joy and celebration.

In these challenging times, where the world seems filled with darkness and despair, the teachings of scholars like Mufti Menk serve as a beacon of hope and inspiration. Their wisdom and guidance help us navigate the complexities of life and find solace in the embrace of our faith.

As we prepare to embark on the spiritual journey of Ramadan, let us remember the lessons of Mufti Menk and other scholars who have dedicated their lives to sharing the beauty of our faith. Let us strive to embody the qualities of compassion, generosity, and kindness that are at the heart of Ramadan, and let us find joy in the knowledge that we are not alone on this journey.

May Allah bless us all with the strength and guidance we need to make the most of this blessed month, and may we emerge from it with hearts filled with gratitude and hope for the future.

By : Bully Sowe

Gambia: How sugar in your drinks destroys the body

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Gambia: How sugar in your drinks destroys the body

  By Prof. Raphael Nyarkotey Obu

The writer

Gambia: How sugar in your drinks destroys the body

I have observed keenly that there is a wide range of sugar desserts in the Gambia.  This is a great concern for public health. I was amazed to see the quantity of sugar one man added to his attaya on fire.

I had to step in to educate the group about the dangers of the high sugar content in attaya tea. I emphasized the numerous health benefits of attaya without sugar. But this does not only pertain to attaya. It is evident in all the desserts I have tasted in the Gambia.  I think it is time we educate the public on the dangers associated with high sugar consumption in the Gambia. Though several studies have linked high sugar intake to cardiovascular disease, cancers, and many others. Surprisingly, it appears the situation is lower in the Gambia.

For instance, one recent study by Koller and Agyemang (2020) reports that the obesity prevalence ranged in the Gambia is about 2.3% to 11.7%. On the other hand, diabetes was 0.3%. Hypertension prevalence ranged from 18.3% to 29%. The prevalence of hypercholesterolemia ranged from 2.2% to 29.1%.

The prevalence of smoking ranged from 16% to 42.2% in men. Prevalence of insufficient fruit and vegetable consumption, inadequate physical activity, and alcohol consumption was 77.8%, 14.6%, and 2.3%, respectively.

An older study by Bah et al. (2001) evaluate the incidence of cancer in The Gambia over 10 years using data collected through the Gambian National Cancer Registry.

The data accumulated show a low overall rate of cancer incidence compared to more developed parts of the world. The overall age-standardized incidence rates (ASR) were 61.0 and 55.7 per 100 000 for males and females, respectively. In males, liver cancer was most frequent, comprising 58% of cases (ASR 35.7) followed by non-Hodgkin lymphoma, 5.4% (ASR 2.4), lung 4.0%, (ASR 2.8), and prostate 3.3% (ASR 2.5) cancers. The most frequent cancers in females were cervix uteri 34.0% (ASR 18.9), liver 19.4% (ASR 11.2), breast 9.2% (ASR 5.5), and ovary 3.2% (ASR 1.6). The data indicate that cancers of the liver and cervix are the most prevalent cancers, and are likely to be due to infectious agents.  According to the latest WHO data published in 2020 Prostate Cancer Deaths in Gambia reached 21 or 0.16% of total deaths annually with a world rank (156). The incidence rate is about 6.08% as juxtaposed Ghana where incidence reached 1,031 or 0.59% of total deaths, the rate is 24.21% annually with world rank (50).

Though Ghana has a higher life expectancy rate as compared to Gambia (64.11 and   62. 61%). Many factors account for these disparities. However, Nigeria has a lower life expectancy (52.89%).

Though sugar in a small amount is fine for you. Too much consumption is seen in the Gambia, which is a huge concern to me as a holistic and preventive health practitioner.  Sugar impacts just about every organ system in the body.

Hence, in this article, I examine the science behind sugar and its negative effect on the body.

Sugar, science

Weight Gain

A recent study by Faruque et al. (2019) affirmed that added sugar in our diets is contributing to the current obesity incidence globally.

Sugar-sweetened drinks like sodas, juices, and sweet teas are loaded with fructose, a type of simple sugar.  Thus, Luo et al. (2015) study agreed that fructose allows us to eat more food, thus increasing our glucose level, the chief sugar in our starchy foods.

On the other hand, leptin, a key hormone that regulates our hunger drive to avert eating is affected by our intake of fructose in animal studies (Aslam et al. 2021).

Two recent studies (Malik and Hu, 2022; Neelakantan et al. 2021) found that the more we eat sugary diets, it leads to weight gain and increased risk of type 2 diabetes. Additionally, Ma et al. (2016) found that the more we drink sugar-sweetened beverages we predispose ourselves to more visceral fat, a kind of deep belly fat linked to diabetes and heart disease.

Heart Diseases

Three studies for instance (Neelakantan et al. 2021; Janzi1 et al. 2020; WHO, 2020) report that the increase of heart disease as the number one cause of death is linked to high-sugar diets.

A previous study (DiNicolantonio et al. (2016) agreed that high-sugar diets can trigger obesity and inflammation, triglycerides, blood sugar, and blood pressure levels.  Another (Kolderup and Svihus, 2015) note that too much sugar, from sugar-sweetened drinks, is associated with atherosclerosis.

One human study (Janzi et al. 2020) evaluated 25,877 adults and found that those who ate sugar stood the chance of getting heart disease and coronary problems compared to those who ate less sugar.  It can also increase stroke by just eating about eight servings per week of sugar-sweetened beverages.

Just one 12-ounce (473-ml) can of soda contains 39 grams of sugar, which equates to 8% of your daily calorie consumption, based on a 2,000-calorie diet(https://us.coca-cola.com/products/coca-cola/original).

This means that one sugary drink a day can bring you close to the recommended daily limit for added sugar.

Acne

The report has it that if you want to develop acne, just eat refined carbs, including sugary foods and drinks.  Atkinson et al. (2021) diets with a higher glycemic index, like processed sweets, raise blood sugar more rapidly than foods with a lower glycemic index.   Kucharska et al. (2016) also held the view that sugary foods can cause a spike in blood sugar and insulin levels, leading to increased androgen secretion, oil production, and inflammation — all of which play a role in acne development.

On the hand, low-glycemic diets were found to decrease acne risk, and high-glycemic diets are associated with a higher acne risk (Baldwin et al. 2021).

For instance, one study by Penso et al. (2020) evaluated over 24,452 individuals and report that taking fatty and sugary products, sugary beverages, and milk was linked with present acne in adults.

Finally, Campbell and Strassmann (2016) found that rural communities that consume traditional, non-processed foods have much lower rates of acne compared to more urban, high-income areas where processed food is part of a standard diet. This support the doctrine that diets high in processed, sugar-laden foods contribute to the development of acne.

Type 2 Diabetes

An old study by Rolfe et al. (1992) assessed the register of diabetic patients attending the Royal Victoria Hospital, Banjul, The Gambia, and data on hospital admissions recorded over 1 year. Two hundred and sixty-nine patients (110 men, 159 women) were registered of whom 66 (25%) were receiving insulin. Seventy-five patients (28%: 40 men, 35 women) were newly diagnosed. There were 95 hospital admissions (5.2%) related to diabetes, as were a fifth of medical out-patient attendances.

The World Data Atlas ( Knoema. 2021) reports that Gambia diabetes prevalence was 1.9 % in 2021, down by 0.00% from 2011. Diabetes prevalence refers to the percentage of people aged 20-79 years who have type 1 or type 2 diabetes.

The International Diabetes Federation (IDF,2022) also reports that the Gambia has a total adult population of 1,126,000, and the prevalence of diabetes in adults represents 1.6%. The total number of cases of diabetes in adults in the population is 18,100.

The International Diabetes Federation (IDF) is an umbrella organization of over 230 national diabetes associations in 170 countries and territories. It represents the interests of the growing number of people with diabetes and those at risk. The Federation has been leading the global diabetes community since 1950.

The World Health Organisation (WHO, 2022) predicts that about 4% of The Gambian population could be diabetic by 2030.

On the global front, Lin et al. (2020) assert that diabetes is a leading cause of mortality and reduced life expectancy. The incidence rate has over doubled in the past 30 years, and could even go up more.  Rippe and Angelopoulos, (2016) study also found that too much sugar has been connected with an increased risk of diabetes. Though we cannot pinpoint the fact that sugar consumption causes diabetes, there are strong connections.

This is because eating too much sugar could indirectly raise diabetes risk by contributing to weight gain and increased body fat — both of which are risks for developing diabetes (Stanhope, K, 2015).

On the other side, Leitner et al. (2017) study also found that obesity is regarded as a result of too much sugar and is considered the strongest risk factor for diabetes.

When too high-sugar consumption also drives resistance to insulin, a hormone produced by the pancreas that regulates blood sugar levels.  Insulin resistance causes blood sugar levels to rise and strongly increases the risk of diabetes.  Drouin-Chartier et al. (2019) research established that people who drink sugar-sweetened beverages have a high propensity to get diabetes.  The study further found that those who took sugary beverages for over 4 years have a higher risk for type 2 diabetes.

Cancer Risk

It has been established that too much sugar could increase some cancers. This is because too much sugar increases obesity and eventually could trigger some cancers (Crudele et al. 2021).

Additionally, too much sugar rises inflammation in the body and could trigger insulin resistance, both rises cancer risk (Chiefari et al. 2021; Murata, 2018).

Makarem et al. (2018) review 37 prospective cohort studies and found that in two of five studies on added sugar, a 60% – 95% raises cancer risk. The same review found that in 8 of 15 studies on sugary foods and beverages, a 23% – 200% increased cancer risk was detected with greater sugary beverage consumption.

Other studies have found sugar intake to be linked to specific types of cancer.

For instance, one human study (Miles et al. 2018) in 22,720 men over 9 years found that increased sugar consumption from sugar-sweetened beverages was linked to a higher risk of prostate cancer.  On the other hand, Li et al.(2017) study linked oesophageal cancer with higher consumption of sucrose, or table sugar, and sweetened desserts and beverages.  This is why sucrose should be limited in the Gambian sweetened desserts.

Depression

Two studies (Jacques et al. 2019; Knüppel et al. 2017) have linked too much sugar intake to cognitive impairments, memory problems, and emotional disorders like anxiety and depression.  This means that a healthy diet enhances brain health. On the other hand, a diet high in sugar affects our mood and emotions.

Reis et al. (2020) held the view that chronic systemic inflammation, insulin resistance, and a disrupted dopaminergic reward signalling system — all of which can be caused by increased sugar consumption — may contribute to sugar’s detrimental impact on mental health.

A human study (Knüppel et al. 2017) of 8,000 people found that men who consumed 67 grams or more of sugar per day were 23% more likely to develop depression than men who ate less than 40 grams per day.

Another human study (Gangwisch et al. 2015) in over 69,000 women found that those who take high sugars had a significantly greater risk of depression, compared to those with the lowest intakes.

Speed Skin, cellular Aging

Aragno and Mastrocola, (2017) study established that advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are compounds formed by reactions between sugar and protein in our body, and they speed up skin ageing.

The same authors further established that taking too much-refined carbs and sugar leads to the production of AGEs, which may cause your skin to age prematurely. This means that our skin wrinkles are a natural sign of skin ageing. They appear eventually, regardless of your health. But, poor food choices can worsen wrinkles and speed up the skin ageing process.

Also, Galiè et al.  (2020) study found that eating too much sugar accelerates telomere shortening, which increases cellular ageing.

For instance, a pilot study (Wojcicki et al. 2018) on 61 preschool-aged children found that too many sugar-sweetened beverages were connected to decreased telomere length, signifying cellular ageing.

Telomeres are structures found at the end of chromosomes, which are molecules that hold part or all of your genetic information. Telomeres act as protective caps, preventing chromosomes from deteriorating or fusing. One study by Boccardi et al. (2016) found that as we grow older, telomeres naturally shorten, which causes cells to age and malfunction.  Although the shortening of telomeres is a natural part of ageing, certain lifestyle choices can speed up the process.

Too much sugar affects energy

Foods high in added sugar quickly spike blood sugar and insulin levels, leading to increased energy. However, this rise in energy levels is brief.

Mantantzis et al. (2019) study found that sugar-loaded products that lack protein, fibre, or fat lead to a brief energy boost followed by a sharp dip in blood sugar, often referred to as a crash.   A previous study by O’Reilly et al.(2015) found that experiencing constant blood sugar swings can cause major fluctuations in energy levels.

Mantantzis et al. (2019) meta-analysis examining sugar’s effect on mood found that carbohydrate consumption, particularly sugar, lowers alertness within 60 minutes of consumption, and increases fatigue within 30 minutes after consumption.

It has been recommended that to avoid this energy-draining cycle, choose carb sources that are low in added sugar and rich in fibre. Also pairing carbs with protein or fat is another great way to keep your blood sugar and energy levels stable.

For example, eating an apple along with a small handful of almonds is an excellent snack for prolonged, consistent energy levels.

Fatty Liver

Too much fructose has been linked to an increased risk of fatty liver.

Fructose is a common type of sugar, with one major source being high fructose corn syrup (HFCS) used to sweeten soda, candy, baked goods, cereals, and more. Muriel et al. (2021) study explained that unlike glucose and other types of sugar, which are taken up by many cells throughout the body, fructose is specifically broken down by the liver. In the liver, fructose is converted into energy or stored as glycogen. However, the liver can only store so much glycogen before excess amounts are turned into fat.

Hence, Jensen et al. (2019) agreed that too much intake of added sugar in the form of fructose burden the liver thus leading to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a condition characterized by extreme fat build-up in the liver.

Another animal study (Jang et al. 2020) confirmed that feeding mice a high-fructose diet over time worsens their intestinal barrier, liver inflammation, liver tumours, and signs of fatty livers juxtaposed to a control group.

The same study found that the same amount of fructose is more likely to lead to developing a fatty liver when consumed through beverages rather than food, and when consumed in a single setting compared to several doses spread over a longer amount of time.

For instance, Ma et al. (2015) human study of over 5,900 adults found that people who drank sugar-sweetened beverages daily had a 56% higher risk of developing NAFLD, compared to people who did not.

Other Health Risk

Too much sugar could also harm you in other ways. For instance:

  • Raises kidney disease risk: Miao et al. (2021) found that fructose raises serum concentrations of urate, thus increasing kidney disease.  The inability to manage raised blood sugar levels can also damage the delicate blood vessels in your kidneys, increasing the risk of kidney disease (Melsom et al. 2016).
  • Bad dental health: Naorungroj S’s (2020) study notes that too much sugar can increase cavities. This is because bacteria in the mouth feed on sugar and release acid byproducts, which cause tooth demineralization.
  •  Gout: Gout is an inflammatory condition characterized by pain in the joints. A study (Ebrahimpour-Koujan et al. 2020) held that too many sugars raise uric acid levels in the blood, increasing the risk of developing or worsening gout.

 How Much to Take

The heart.org recommends that

Men should eat no more than 9 teaspoons (36 grams or 150 calories) of added sugar per day.

Women should eat no more than 6 teaspoons (25 grams or 150 calories)

Foods high in sugar include:

  • sweets, including candy, pie, cakes, and cookies
  • dairy desserts like ice cream and milkshakes
  • soda
  • fruit juice
  • sports drinks
  • low-fat yoghurt
  • condiments like ketchup, honey mustard, and bbq sauce
  • many common breakfast cereals

Added sugar is described by the same website as sugars that are added during the processing of foods, during preparation, or at the table.

For example, sucrose or dextrose added during food processing is an added sugar, as is honey used to sweeten tea at the kitchen table.

“Added sugars” are listed separately on Nutrition Facts panels below the line for “total sugars,” making it easier to determine whether or not your food contains any added sugars.

Other possible names for sugar to look for:

  • Anhydrous dextrose
  • Confectioner’s powdered sugar
  • Corn syrup
  • Corn syrup solids
  • Dextrose
  • Fructose
  • High-fructose corn syrup (HFCS)
  • Invert sugar
  • Lactose
  • Malt syrup
  • Maltose
  • Molasses
  • Nectars (for example, peach or pear nectar)
  • Pancake syrup
  • Raw sugar
  • Sucrose
  • Sugar
  • White granulated sugar

Brown Sugar v White Sugar

Both brown and white sugar are produced from either the sugarcane or sugar beet plant. However, brown sugar contains molasses, which is responsible for its unique flavour and appearance.

Compared to white sugar, brown sugar is slightly higher in a few key micronutrients, which is thanks to the addition of molasses. In particular, each serving of brown sugar provides a small amount of iron, potassium, calcium, and copper.

There are also slightly fewer calories in brown sugar, although the difference is minimal. While 100 grams of white sugar provides 387 calories, the same amount of brown sugar contains 380 calories.

Keep in mind, however, that the nutritional differences between brown and white sugar are very small. Although brown sugar does contain a small amount of several vitamins and minerals, it is not considered a good source of these nutrients.

Additionally, because of its molasses content, brown sugar tends to harden faster than other types of sugar. Fortunately, if you ever find yourself in the process of whipping up a delicious brown sugar recipe only to find that the sugar in your cabinet has become hard and dense, there’s a simple solution.

One of the easiest methods how to soften brown sugar is to place a moist paper towel on top of the sugar and microwave for 20–30 seconds in a microwave-safe bowl. Then, simply use a fork to break up the chunks and help soften them up.

Types/Varieties

Brown sugar comes in different forms in the market.

I present some of the most common types as espoused by Rachel Link, 2020 article:

  • Light brown sugar: This type of sugar is made by adding a small amount of molasses to white sugar, which gives it a pale brown colour and mild flavour.
  • Dark brown sugar: Like light brown sugar, this form of sugar is made by adding molasses to white sugar. However, it contains a higher amount of molasses than lighter varieties, which is responsible for its dark colour and complex flavour.
  • Demerara sugar: This type of cane sugar is less refined than other kinds of sugar, giving it a light brown colour, subtle flavour, and large, crystal-like grains.
  • Turbinado sugar: Also known as “raw sugar,” turbinado sugar is partially refined and contains a small amount of molasses, which provides a caramel-like flavour and brown hue.
  • Muscovado sugar: This form of sugar is unrefined, meaning it still contains molasses. This gives it a sandy, somewhat sticky texture, along with a darker colour and richer flavour than other types.

Nutrition

The brown sugar nutrition profile is high in calories and carbohydrates. It also contains a very small number of micronutrients, such as calcium, copper, and iron.

One teaspoon of packed brown sugar contains the following nutrients:

  • 17.5 calories
  • 4.5 grams carbohydrates
  • 3.8 milligrams calcium (0.3 per cent DV)
  • 0.002 milligrams copper (0.2 per cent DV)
  • 0.033 milligrams iron (0.2 per cent DV)
  • 0.4 milligrams magnesium (0.1 per cent DV)
  • 0.003 milligrams manganese (0.1 per cent DV)
  • 0.006 milligrams pantothenic acid (0.1 per cent DV)
  • 6.1 milligrams potassium (0.1 per cent DV)
  • 0.05 micrograms selenium (0.1 per cent DV)
  • 0.002 milligrams of vitamin B6 (0.1 percent DV)

Healthy Alternatives

As espoused by Rachel Links, (2020), these are the healthier alternative form of brown sugars you can choose just in case you still want some sugars in your desserts:

Stevia

This simple substitute for brown sugar is derived from the leaves of the Stevia rebaudiana plant, a species that is native to several parts of South America. Like other non-nutritive sweeteners, such as sucralose, not only is stevia free of calories but it has also been associated with several powerful health benefits.

Anton et al. (2010) study found that this type of sugar lower blood sugar and insulin levels compared to regular sugar, making it a great brown sugar substitute for diabetics.

  1. Maple Syrup

Another great brown sugar substitute is maple syrup, which is produced from the sap of the sugar maple tree. It is slightly more nutrient-dense than regular sugar and contains a small number of micronutrients and antioxidants in each serving.

It can also be used as a simple substitute for brown sugar in cooking and baking. Just swap out one cup of brown or white sugar for 3/4 cup of maple syrup in your favourite recipes and enjoy.

  1. Monk Fruit

This type of sweetener is derived from the monk fruit plant, which is native to Thailand and China. It’s often used as a brown sugar substitute on keto because most varieties are virtually free of calories and carbs.  Zhou et al. ( 2009) found that Monk fruit extract increases the secretion of insulin, which can help regulate blood sugar levels.

  1. Raw Honey

One of the best brown sugar substitutes is honey, which is a sweet substance that is produced by bees. Geldof et al. (2002) study found that honey is a great source of antioxidants and flavonoids, which help fight free radical damage to protect against disease.

Raw honey is also less processed and is generally free of additives and fillers, which is why it’s one of the best brown sugar substitute options without molasses.

  1. Blackstrap Molasses

A simple yet delicious brown sugar substitute is molasses, which is made by boiling raw sugar to produce a highly concentrated, sweet syrup. Blackstrap molasses, in particular, is thick, dark, and slightly bitter, which can add an interesting twist to your dishes and desserts.

Take Home

Studies have demonstrated the many negative health implications associated with taking too much sugar.  Though small amounts of sugar as recommended is good for your health, you should cut it down or do away with it.  This is how:

  1. eat whole, unprocessed foods
  • drink your attaya or herbal teas without sugars.

Jllian Kubala, (2022) also advised that

  • Swap sodas, energy drinks, juices, and sweetened teas for water or unsweetened seltzer.
  • Drink your coffee black or use a natural alternative for a healthier option.
  • Sweeten plain yoghurt with fresh or frozen berries instead of buying flavoured, sugar-loaded yoghurt.
  • Consume whole fruits instead of sugar-sweetened fruit smoothies.
  • Replace candy with a homemade trail mix of fruit, nuts, and a few dark chocolate chips.
  • Use olive oil and vinegar in place of sweet salad dressings like honey mustard.
  • Choose marinades, nut butter, ketchup, and marinara sauce with zero added sugars.
  • Look for cereals, granola, and granola bars with under 4 grams of sugar per serving.
  • Swap your morning cereal for a bowl of rolled oats topped with nut butter and fresh berries, or an omelette made with fresh greens.
  • Instead of jelly, slice fresh bananas onto your peanut butter sandwich.
  • Use natural nut butter in place of sweet spreads like Nutella.
  • Avoid alcoholic beverages that are sweetened with soda, juice, honey, sugar, or agave.
  • Shop the perimeter of the grocery store, focusing on fresh, whole ingredients.

The ultimate advice is that avoid commercial desserts and prepare healthy desserts such as wonjo, nam mburu, chakree etc, and meals at home and avoid buying foods and drinks that are high in added sugar. But just in case you still need some sugar, there are several healthy brown sugar substitute options available to help satisfy your sweet tooth. Some of the best brown sugar substitute options include stevia, maple syrup, monk fruit, raw honey, and blackstrap molasses. But avoid any sugar produced from GMO crops, such as the sugar beet plant.

NB:

Prof. Nyarkotey has strict sourcing guidelines and relies on peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical associations to justify his write-ups.  My articles are for educational purposes and do not serve as Medical advice for Treatment. I aim to educate the public about evidence-based scientific Naturopathic Therapies.

The writer is a Professor of Naturopathic Healthcare, a Medical Journalist, and a science writer. President, Nyarkotey University College of Holistic Medicine & Technology (NUCHMT)/African Naturopathic Foundation, Ashaiman, Ghana. Currently BL Candidate at the Gambia Law School, Banjul. E. mail: [email protected]. + 2207452652(for more information)

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On International Women’s Day: Success and Challenges in the Gambia

Hadram Hydara
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0
On International Women’s Day: Success and Challenges in the Gambia

THE WRITER

ON INTERNATIONAL WOMEN’S DAY: SUCCESS AND CHALLENGES IN THE GAMBIA.

The 1997 Constitution of The Gambia recognizes the fundamental rights of women as equal citizens of the country. The Constitution guarantees various rights to women, including political, economic, and social rights. In this article, we will discuss the rights of Gambian women under the 1997 Constitution.

 Equality before the law: The Constitution guarantees equality before the law and prohibits discrimination on the basis of gender. This means that women have the same legal status and protections as men and cannot be discriminated against based on their gender.

Right to education: The Constitution recognizes the right to education for all Gambians, including women. This ensures that girls have the same access to education as boys.

Right to work: The Constitution recognizes the right to work for all Gambians, including women. This ensures that women can work in any profession and receive equal pay for equal work.

Right to property: The Constitution guarantees the right to own and inherit property for all Gambians, including women. This ensures that women can own and inherit property just like men.

 Right to healthcare: The Constitution recognizes the right to healthcare for all Gambians, including women. This ensures that women have access to quality healthcare services.

Right to participate in politics: The Constitution guarantees the right to participate in politics for all Gambians, including women. This ensures that women can run for office and vote in elections.

 Right to freedom of speech: The Constitution guarantees the right to freedom of speech for all Gambians, including women. This ensures that women can express their opinions without fear of reprisal.

 Right to a fair trial: The Constitution guarantees the right to a fair trial for all Gambians, including women. This ensures that women receive a fair trial and are not subject to discrimination in the justice system.

Protection from harmful traditional practices: The Constitution prohibits harmful traditional practices that are detrimental to the health and well-being of women, such as female genital mutilation (FGM) and forced marriages etc.

Right to reproductive health: The Constitution recognizes the right to reproductive health for all Gambians, including women. This ensures that women have access to reproductive healthcare services, including family planning and maternal health services.

Despite these provisions, women in The Gambia still face significant challenges. Women are often underrepresented in political and economic decision-making, and gender-based violence remains a serious problem.

As I mentioned earlier, Gambian women face various challenges, including limited access to education, gender-based violence, lack of economic opportunities, political underrepresentation, and health issues amongst many others.

Here are some of the remedies available in the laws of The Gambia to address these issues:

Education: The Education Act of 2001 prohibits discrimination based on gender in access to education. The government has also implemented policies to promote girls’ education, such as the Girls’ Education Policy of 2010, which aims to reduce gender disparities in education.

Gender-based violence: The Domestic Violence Act of 2013 criminalizes domestic violence, including physical, sexual, and emotional abuse, and provides for protection orders for victims. The Children’s Act of 2005 also criminalizes the practice of FGM.

Economic opportunities: The Labor Act of 2007 prohibits discrimination in employment on the grounds of sex and provides for equal pay for equal work. The Small and Medium Enterprises (SME) Policy of 2015 promotes the development of women-owned businesses and provides for access to credit and training.

Political representation: The Constitution of The Gambia provides for equal political rights for men and women. The Women’s Act of 2010 also provides for affirmative action measures to increase women’s representation in politics and decision-making positions.

Health issues: The National Reproductive and Child Health Policy of 2010 aims to improve maternal and child health outcomes. The government has also implemented policies to improve access to healthcare, such as the National Health Insurance Scheme.

These legislations and policies have however, gone a long way in protecting the rights of women’s rights in The Gambia, there are still challenges in their implementation and enforcement. Civil society organizations and the government need to work together to ensure that these laws are effectively enforced, and that women’s rights are well protected and promoted.

Parting words

I must say that despite these challenges, the Director General of the law school is a woman and a force to reckon with and about 80% of my lecturers in the law school are not just women, but Distinguished Justices of the High Court and Court of Appeal as well as Senior Legal Practitioners in The Gambia. I cannot forget my amazing mother in the Gambia who also is the CEO of one the biggest Financial Institutions in the Gambia and I admire her so much.

These are women who are changing the Status-quo in the Gambia and I could not be more pleased that I chose The Gambia for my Bar Professional course.

On this International Women’s Day, I want to express my admiration and respect for the strength, resilience, and determination that you embody. You are the backbone of your families, communities, and nation, and your contributions are essential to building a better future for all.

To these wonderful women, I say Abaraka, Jaa-jef, Jarama, Nuwaare, Bu roki bu Jakeh, well done to you all.

I encourage you to continue to pursue your dreams, to believe in your abilities, and to support one another in your endeavours. Remember that you are capable of achieving great things, and that your voice and your perspective are invaluable.

The world needs your leadership, your creativity, and your compassion. I have no doubt that you will continue to inspire and empower those around you, and that you will play a pivotal role in shaping a brighter tomorrow for all.

Happy International Women’s Day, to The Gambia.

The writer is a BL candidate at the Gambia Law School. She is driven by her affinity to the legal profession and relies on Precedents and Acts of the National Assembly to educate the public on bits and pieces of the application of the Laws of the Gambia and Ethics of the legal profession. These write-ups are for educational purposes only and not to serve as a substitute for Legal Advice. Email : [email protected]

Closing the gender gap in technological access: The key to empowering women in the Gambia

Hadram Hydara
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0
Closing the gender gap in technological access: The key to empowering women in the Gambia

By: George Chikondi Lwanda

As we celebrate International Women’s Day in 2023, it is important to acknowledge the progress that The Gambia has made in terms of technological access. In 2007, less than two out of every ten Gambians owned a mobile phone, and only two per cent of individuals had access to computers, with just one per cent having access to internet facilities.

However, as of 2021, there has been a significant increase in access to technology. The majority of Gambians now live in areas with mobile network coverage and own a mobile phone. Additionally, a significant percentage of the population now has access to the internet. According to the 2019 government Demographic and Health Survey, seven out of every ten Gambians now use the internet daily.

Despite these gains, women in The Gambia still face significant barriers to accessing technology and digital services, with men being more likely to own mobile phones and have access to the internet.

For instance, the 2021 Gambia Afrobarometer survey shows that although most Gambians have a mobile phone, there are 10% more men than women who own mobile phones. Moreover, there are fewer women (11%) that own computers than there are men (17%), which has contributed to 5% more men having access to the internet. This disparity also affects women’s access to news and information on social media, with 48% of men compared to 39% of women reporting that they use the internet every day.

A more detailed analysis of the data shows that the gender gap in technological access is influenced by several factors, including socioeconomic status and educational attainment. Women in The Gambia are more likely to be living in poverty than men, which limits their ability to purchase and use technology. Additionally, women are less likely to have received formal education than men, which can limit their digital literacy and ability to use technology effectively.

Closing the gender gap in technological access is critical for empowering women and achieving gender equality in The Gambia. To address this issue, the United Nations (UN) is working closely with the Gambian government to implement several interventions. These interventions include providing women with digital literacy training, improving access to affordable and gender-responsive technology, and promoting women’s entrepreneurship in the technology sector.

For example, UNICEF is working with the Ministry of Health and the government of Italy supporting the digitalization of birth and civil registration since many children in The Gambia do not have birth certificates. According to the 2019 government Demographic and Health Survey, 53% of Gambian children under the age of five do not have birth certificates. Without proper documentation, these children may be denied access to education and opportunities that could improve their lives.

Digitalizing birth and civil registration can provide them with the necessary documentation to be protected from harm and have a chance to go to school and have a better future.

In addition, the UN Development Programme (UNDP) is helping reduce gender inequality in access to technology in The Gambia by supporting the Department of Community Development to use computers and technology to deliver its services. Women and girls often face social and cultural barriers that limit their access to education, healthcare, and other services, which can be further compounded by a lack of access to digital technologies.

By using computers and technology to deliver services, the Department of Community Development can help overcome these barriers and ensure that women have equal access to the support and resources they need to stay safe, healthy, and supported.

Moreover, the use of technology can help reach women in remote or underserved areas who may face additional challenges in accessing services due to distance, transportation, or other factors. This can help promote greater inclusion and participation of women in social and economic development, thereby contributing to efforts to reduce gender inequality in access to technology.

Furthermore, the ILO, in partnership with the Gambia Chamber of Commerce and Industry (GCCI), launched a digital platform that provides women entrepreneurs with digital tools and resources to help them formalize their businesses and access financial services.

Similarly, the UNCDF is working with the Women Advisory Business Group to increase financial inclusion by developing mobile phone apps to help women with financial education.

These mobile apps and digital platforms provide women with convenient and accessible tools to manage their finances. They also improve their ability to access credit or save money. This promotes greater financial literacy, empowers women, and enables them to participate more fully in economic activities.

By focusing on the specific needs and challenges women face, these services help address gender-specific barriers to financial inclusion, such as limited access to formal banking services or social and cultural norms that discourage women from engaging in financial activities.

A gender gap in technological access will result in missed opportunities and create new forms of inequality, which could lead to significant economic losses in the long run.

Therefore, we must ensure that all genders have equal access to technology and the opportunities it affords. This includes increasing access to computers, the internet, and mobile phones for women, particularly in rural areas, and ensuring that women have the skills and knowledge to use these technologies to their fullest potential.

We must also challenge the gender stereotypes that persist in the technology sector by promoting diversity and inclusivity and encouraging women to pursue careers in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics.

As we celebrate International Women’s Day 2023, let us choose to challenge these inequalities and advocate for increased access to technology for all genders.

By doing so, we can ensure that women have the necessary tools and resources to participate fully in society and contribute to the country’s economic growth and social fabric.

[1] George Chikondi Lwanda is the head of the United Nations Resident Coordinator’s Office (RCO) in The Gambia.

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