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Pro. Raphael Nyarkotey Obu: Red palm oil lowers cholesterol, slows heart diseases

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 By Prof. Raphael Nyarkotey Obu

Study: Red Palm Oil Lowers Cholesterol, slows Heart diseases

When it comes to cooking oils, Palm oil appears to be controversial. Additionally, Palm oil should not be confused with palm kernel oil. Though both have their root from the same plant, palm kernel oil is extracted from the seed of the fruit. It provides different health benefits. Palm oil has a variety of medicinal uses in Africa as well. It was used as an antidote for poison, a cure for gonorrhoea, a natural laxative, a diuretic, and a treatment for headaches and skin infections. This article brings an objective analysis of Palm oil to settle the long-standing controversy.

Unrefined vs. refined palm oil

Unrefined palm oil is raw oil that is pressed directly from the palm plant. It’s reddish, with a distinct odour and flavour. This type is more often used in our traditional cooking.  Refined palm oil goes through several processing steps to give it a neutral colour and flavour. It is used more widely in food manufacturing or for frying mass-produced foods.

 

 Palm oil nutritional Profile

According to the US. Department of Agriculture, one tablespoon (14 grams) of palm oil contains approximately:

  • calories: 120
  • fat: 14 grams
  • saturated fat: 7 grams
  • monounsaturated fat: 5 grams
  • polyunsaturated fat: 1 gram
  • vitamin E: 14% of the Daily Value (DV)

The organization further explained that palm oil calories originate from fat. The fatty acid breakdown is approximately 50% saturated fatty acids, 40% monounsaturated fatty acids, and 10% polyunsaturated fatty acids.

On the other hand, a study by Tan et al. (2021) explained that red palm oil’s reddish-orange pigment emanates from antioxidants known as carotenoids, including beta carotene, which the body can convert into vitamin A.

Palm Oil, Scientific Benefits

Support Brain health

Palm oil is loaded with tocotrienols, a form of vitamin E which contains antioxidants that may support brain health.

One Animal and human study (Gopalan et al. 2014; Ibrahim et al. 2017) found that the tocotrienols in palm oil can help protect the delicate polyunsaturated fats in the brain, slow dementia progression, reduce the risk of stroke, and prevent the growth of brain lesions.

In the human study, Gopalan et al. (2014) conducted for 2 years involving 121 people with brain lesions, the group who took palm oil-derived tocotrienols twice a day remained stable, but for those who received a placebo, their lesions grow.

Furthermore, Ishmail et al (2020) conducted a review of 18 animal and test-tube studies and found that palm oil and palm oil tocotrienols support neuroprotective effects against cognitive decline.

Cholesterol-lowering, Heart health

Though some study results have been mixed, this oil largely appears to have beneficial effects on heart disease risk factors, including lowering LDL (bad) cholesterol and increasing HDL (good) cholesterol (Fattore et al.2011; Ismail et al.2018; Lucci et al.2016; Voon et al. 2015)

In the case of Fattore et al. (2011), the study involved a large analysis of 51 studies and found that total and LDL (bad) cholesterol levels were lower in people who consumed palm oil-rich diets than those who consumed diets high in trans fats or myristic and lauric acids.

Additionally, the case of Lucci et al. (2016) involved a 3-month randomized study from Columbia that examined the cholesterol-lowering ability of palm oil made from a hybrid of Elaeis guineensis and Elaeis oleifera trees.

In this study, people consumed either 25 mL (2 tablespoons) of olive oil or a hybrid palm oil daily. Based on a 15% drop in LDL (bad) cholesterol in both groups, researchers suggested this palm oil could be called “the tropical equivalent of olive oil”.

In a previous clinical trial, Zhang et al. (1997) also examined the effects of palm oil, soybean oil, peanut oil, and lard on cholesterol levels.  The authors found that palm oil caused a 13.1 per cent decrease in bad LDL cholesterol and a 6.7 per cent drop in triglyceride levels in those with normal cholesterol.

Apart from Palm oil lowering your cholesterol levels, it also slows the progression of heart diseases.  One clinical trial by Tomeo et al. (1995).

Examined the impacts of palm oil on heart disease for 18 months. They found that 28 per cent of people with heart disease who were treated with palm oil demonstrated improvement and 64 per cent remained stable. Equally, those in the placebo group also demonstrated improvement, however, 40 per cent of cases got worse.

This means that Palm oil is a heart-healthy fat and should be part of a diet plan to reduce the risk of coronary heart disease.

Enhanced vitamin A

One old study by McLaren (1999) and a recent review study by Tan et al. (2021) found that red palm oil enhances vitamin A status in people who are deficient or at risk of deficiency because it’s rich in carotenoids that the body can convert into vitamin A.

Another small study in 16 participants by Sommerburg et al. (2015) found that people with cystic fibrosis, a condition that makes it difficult to absorb fat-soluble vitamins, experienced an increase in vitamin A blood levels after taking two to three tablespoons of red palm oil daily for 8 weeks.

A previous clinical trial by Radhika et al. (2013) also found that Palm oil is mostly used as a supplement to help improve vitamin A status in those who are at risk for deficiency. This study emanated from the National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research in India, for example, showed that treating pregnant women with red palm oil increased vitamin A levels for both women and their babies.

Another meta-analysis of nine high-quality studies by Dong 2017) found red palm oil supplementation to increase vitamin A levels in both children and adults.

Fights Oxidative stress

Pham-Huy et al. (2008) study found that Free radicals are highly reactive compounds that form in your body as a result of factors like stress, a poor diet, or exposure to pollutants and pesticides. These free radicals can be mitigated by Antioxidants and protect the cells.  This can be done by using red palm oil which is high in beneficial antioxidants and has also been shown to reduce the inflammation and oxidative stress caused by free radicals.

For instance, one animal study by Varatharajan et al.(2013) in Malaysia examined the antioxidant activity of palm leaf extract (OPLE) in mice with diabetes. After just four weeks, OPLE was found to cause improvements in kidney dysfunction and fibrosis, two conditions commonly associated with diabetic neuropathy. Not only that but it was also found to decrease markers of oxidative stress and inflammation as well.

In case you want to use Palm oil for oxidative stress, Rachel, L(2018) article suggests you add plenty of other high-antioxidant foods, such as turmeric, ginger, dark chocolate, and pecans.

Supports Skin and Hair Health

Rachel, L (2018) explained that many people swear by using red palm oil for skin and claim that it can do everything from improving the appearance of scars to fighting off acne. This is because it’s rich in vitamin E, a nutrient that plays a central role in skin health.

This notwithstanding, one randomized controlled trial by Jaffary et al (2015) reported that taking vitamin E by mouth for four months significantly improved symptoms of atopic dermatitis (a condition that makes your skin red and itchy) compared to a placebo.

Another study by Keen and Hassan (2016) found that vitamin E may be useful in the treatment of wounds, pressure ulcers, and psoriasis.

Beoy et al.(2010) in 37 participants with hair loss found that taking tocotrienol for eight months increased the number of hairs by 34.5 per cent. Meanwhile, the placebo group saw a 0.1 per cent decrease in the number of hairs by the end of the study.

 Palm Oil, Side effects, and Concerns

There have been so many controversies regarding the consumption of Palm oil on health status. Let me address this here:

One, as humans, we behave differently. Hence, from studies, consuming red palm oil is likely to have a different impact on the individual.  The fact is that many studies found that palm oil can reduce cholesterol levels, while others have produced mixed results reporting that it can increase cholesterol concentrations for some individuals. I provide the studies on negative studies here:

  • Utarwuthipong et al. (2009)-controlled Clinical Trial published in the Journal of International Medical Research. Subjects were hypercholesterolaemia women (those with high levels of cholesterol in the blood). The study found a significant increase in these women consuming palm oil as compared to soybean oil (SBO), and rice bran oil (RBO)
  • Bautista et al. (2001)- Randomized Crossover Trial on Colombian diets published in European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. The subject was Twenty-eight healthy male students aged 20-34 years.
  • Tholstrup et al. (2011)- controlled double-blinded, randomized crossover Trial on 32 healthy men published in The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. This study found that as compared with the intake of olive oil, palm olein and lard increased total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol.
  • Xian et al. (2012) also found that reheated palm oil could increase arterial plaque, which may result in an increased risk of heart disease. Due to this, I advise, avoiding repeated reheating as it may decrease the oil’s antioxidant activity and lead to negative effects on health.

Though did not chance on any such studies on Africans, I advise you to use palm oil in moderation and use it in combination with other healthy fats in your diet.

Another concern is that most of the palm oil on the market today is heavily processed and oxidized for cooking purposes. Rachel, L (2018) explained that this method depletes palm oil of its health-promoting properties and can have negative impacts on health. Hence, I advise you to use unrefined and cold-pressed palm oil to avoid any adverse health effects.

Palm Oil vs. Coconut Oil

Let me use this medium to also settle this controversy between the two: The biggest differences lie in the composition of these two types of oils. The fact is that Coconut oil is higher in saturated fats and medium-chain triglycerides. On the other hand, palm oil is divided into nearly 50/50 between saturated and unsaturated fats, coconut oil is almost entirely made up of saturated fats. Coconut oil also contains beneficial compounds like lauric acid, which has been linked to a lower risk of heart disease and contains antimicrobial and antiviral properties.

When comparing red palm oil vs. coconut oil, however, both bring a different set of benefits and health-promoting properties to the table. Include both, along with other healthy sources of fat, in a well-balanced, nutrient-rich diet to promote better health.

Take Home

To studies there are numerous health benefits of palm oil including decreasing cholesterol levels, reducing oxidative stress, boosting brain health, slowing the progression of heart disease, increasing vitamin A status, and improving skin and hair health. Take notice of the negative aspect of reheating and reusing which possess a danger to our health.  You can also derive the numerous benefits from Palm soup due to the tocotrienols, a form of vitamin E that has strong antioxidant properties that may improve brain health.

The writer is a Professor of Naturopathic Healthcare, President, Nyarkotey College of Holistic Medicine & Technology (NUCHMT)/African Naturopathic Foundation. E-mail: [email protected]

References

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  10. Dong S, Xia H, Wang F, Sun G. The Effect of Red Palm Oil on Vitamin A Deficiency: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Nutrients. 2017 Nov 24;9(12):1281. doi: 10.3390/nu9121281. PMID: 29186779; PMCID: PMC5748732.
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  12. Varatharajan R, Sattar MZ, Chung I, Abdulla MA, Kassim NM, Abdullah NA. Antioxidant and pro-oxidant effects of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) leaves extract in experimental diabetic nephropathy: a duration-dependent outcome. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2013 Sep 29;13:242. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-13-242. PMID: 24074026; PMCID: PMC3829664.
  13. McLaren DS. Vitamin A deficiency disorders. J Indian Med Assoc. 1999 Aug;97(8):320-3. PMID: 10643184.
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  15. Tan CH, Lee CJ, Tan SN, Poon DTS, Chong CYE, Pui LP. Red Palm Oil: A Review on Processing, Health Benefits and Its Application in Food. J Oleo Sci. 2021 Sep 4;70(9):1201-1210. doi: 10.5650/jos.ess21108. Epub 2021 Aug 6. PMID: 34373407.
  16. Ibrahim NF, Yanagisawa D, Durani LW, Hamezah HS, Damanhuri HA, Wan Ngah WZ, Tsuji M, Kiuchi Y, Ono K, Tooyama I. Tocotrienol-Rich Fraction Modulates Amyloid Pathology and Improves Cognitive Function in AβPP/PS1 Mice. J Alzheimers Dis. 2017;55(2):597-612. doi: 10.3233/JAD-160685. PMID: 27716672; PMCID: PMC5147513.
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  20. Voon PT, Ng TK, Lee VK, Nesaretnam K. Virgin olive oil, palm olein and coconut oil diets do not raise cell adhesion molecules and thrombogenicity indices in healthy Malaysian adults. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2015 Jun;69(6):712-6. doi: 10.1038/ejcn.2015.26. Epub 2015 Mar 25. PMID: 25804278.
  21. Ismail SR, Maarof SK, Siedar Ali S, Ali A. Systematic review of palm oil consumption and the risk of cardiovascular disease. PLoS One. 2018 Feb 28;13(2):e0193533. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0193533. PMID: 29489910; PMCID: PMC5831100.
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  23. Tomeo AC, Geller M, Watkins TR, Gapor A, Bierenbaum ML. Antioxidant effects of tocotrienols in patients with hyperlipidemia and carotid stenosis. Lipids. 1995 Dec;30(12):1179-83. doi: 10.1007/BF02536621. PMID: 8614310.

Shijingshan District: A cultural heritage and advanced technology hub

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By Talibeh Hydara

First of all, I went to the movies. Yippee!!! For the first time in my life, I actually left home and went straight to watch a movie in a theatre. I’ve been watching movies all my life. From watching Van Damme, Bruce Lee, Jet Li, and Sylvester Stallone on a black-and-white television plugged to a car battery as a kid in the village to watching Will Smith, Vin Diesel, and James Spader on a flat TV screen plugged into a socket in Manduar. I grew up watching movies of all kinds; Chinese, Indian, American, and Nigerian, but not once have I ever been to the movies, until I came to Beijing. The experience was chilling: big theatre, immersive screen, comfortable seats and, to cap it off, a cupful of popcorn! The trip to China Film Company had everything.

I watched The Wandering Earth II, a sequel to the Chinese sci-fi movie in which humans do the impossible to move the earth to a new solar system because the sun is burning out. Don’t worry, if that would ever happen, you and I wouldn’t be alive to see it. Those that come after us would take care of that problem while we sleep six feet under the ground. The movie portrays advanced technology, unity in diversity and bravery. It shows that if we help each other, if we listen to each other and be patient with each other, we could do anything, which includes moving the earth to a new place. I watched a great movie, munched popcorn and returned to the residence with a mug that I am still trying to figure out what it cannot do. The mug is so strong that I don’t think it would break even if you dropped it from the sky. I got a comic costume too which gives me an appearance of a beggar rather than a vigilante in Atlantis.

I get excited whenever I see a field trip on our weekly schedule. As a writer, going to new places and meeting new people can be a great muse.

I’ve been to many places already since I arrived but, so far, none has inspired me more than the Moshikou area in the Shijingshan District. I felt possessed walking in that street, shaped like a dragon with the best road decoration I’ve ever seen. Once a battleground for military strategists, the Moshikou area took me back thousands of years. The camel-bell road felt like Camelot to me, and I felt the range of the polearm, the hug of the lamellar, the weight of the metal helmet and the galloping of horses as warriors clashed on the battlefield. Moshikou Avenue is a “millennial path and century-old street” that not only connected the capital with the outside world for thousands of years but helped me time-travel to the most vivid times of the Ming and Qing dynasties.

The same area houses the Fahai mural art centre. I walked into mosques and churches so many times in my life but never a temple. It is a profound historical and cultural complex. Giant vertical screens. Striking illumination and a soothing sound that followed me all the way back to the residence. We had to do a little bit of climbing but it was worth the struggle because I got to meet Tankasri Avalokitesvara, the water-moon Kuan-Yin, the god of compassion.

The last part was the best part for me. We watched a short 3D movie inspired by Wan Fuqing, the painter of the murals in the temple. The movie was about Fuqing when the temple was built during the time of Ming Zhengtong.

In the movie, Fuqing mobilised painters to create the murals. He was a perfectionist and that got the better of him. He got exhausted and fell asleep. He then dreamed a trip to heaven where he met crowds of gods. All the animals and gods that should be painted, more or less presented themselves to him. That is all an artist needed. Fuqing woke up enlightened and then gathered all the painters to get to work. That is how and when the murals of the Fahai Temple were completed.

Believe it or not, I went into the skies with Fuqing and met the ancestors. I thought they were in the ground. It was the closest I have been to the heavens, and I didn’t want to come back. The experience felt so real. The lions roaring. The birds chirping. The greenish scenery. I could live in that hall forever.

Prior to stepping into the great Fahai temple, we had a brief stop at Gu Dao Si Cun, transformed from the historic Laoye Temple. The antique courtyard peeks into the memoire and folk customs of western Beijing. I found a frog chilling for thousands of years, unbothered by the noise around or the encircling gods in the siheyuan.

From the Fahai temple to the Cheng’en temple, the historical residence of the Emperor and the most mysterious temple in Beijing, I embarked on a spiritual journey so much that I felt like a Swami. The Moshikou area—surrounded by lush hills, green pines and verdant cypresses—chronicles scintillating historical facts about revered dynasties in Chinese folklore. It is a place everyone should visit.

Shijingshan is not only home to temples and historical artefacts. It is also a prospective innovative district with both the science fiction centre and a metaverse park with cutting-edge technology.

It has put China’s sci-fi industry on a revolutionary path to development. The Zhongguancun science fiction industry innovation centre, the LUSTER Metaverse centre, the SOREAL Metaverse park and WANOS have all wowed me. But from LUSTER’s immaculate implantation of eyes and brains into machines to WANOS immersive production of sound, nothing captivated me more than the prototype computerised intelligence car.

The car has biometric palm recognition. That means you don’t need any keys to even open it. All you have to do is just wave at it; show it your palm and it opens for you. Its sophistication is even beyond that. When you want to lower the car window, all you have to do is command it with your finger, no handles or power-driven buttons anymore. In my country, the handles to open the car windows are most of the time somewhere in a pocket in front of the driver. As a passenger, if you want to lower the window or close it, the driver will have to give you the metal handle and you screw it in first before rolling it down or up. This vehicle saves you all that trouble. Just point your finger in the direction you want the glass to go; up or down, and it does exactly that.

The car is being programmed like a partner, sort of. It has both gesture and voice recognition. When you are in, it picks up your mood. If you’re sad, it plays soothing music to calm you down and makes sure your body temperature is in tandem with that of the vehicle. Not just that, the usual side and rear-view mirrors have been replaced with cameras, which means you don’t have to struggle anymore to see what’s in your cracked mirror outside. The screen is just in front of you with the best images possible. On the safety aspect, and this is the fun part, if you’re sleepy, the car alarms each time your eyes are closed or even pick a cigarette. This is an astonishing step into the future!

It is a prototype, yes, but from today, I am going to start saving money until that car is ready. It is my type of car.

Growing up and watching movies, it has always crossed my mind to take some form of self-defence lessons. Being vulnerable and defenceless has scared me since I was a kid. But without masters, we practised karate and kung fu moves we watched in films. We stretched our muscles, put pressure on our bones and endured unbearable pain. Through that self-inflicted pain, I learned to punch hard, do splits accurately and backflip. It was amazing how well my body responded to the rigorous training we devised on our own without any professional help. Self-defence stayed with me ever since. I wanted to take lessons; taekwondo, karate, kung fu, anything that increases my alertness and gives me a chance to defend myself. Later in life, however, the items on my priority list kept replacing each other and by the time I realised it, self-defence was down the pecking order. That is why I was thrilled to take part in basic Tai Chi lessons on Friday. Tai Chi is sports, health, and martial art all rolled into one. It is a practice that involves a series of slow gentle movements and physical postures, a meditative state of mind, and controlled breathing. In 2020, it was listed in the UNESCO intangible cultural heritage. That means it is already widely appreciated and I cannot tell you anything new about it. I just want to share my experience.

Leading the lessons was Mr Yang Songquan, the founder of Beijing Chenjiagou Taijiquan Training Center, who has been a global icon of Tai Chi for decades. He was born in Chenjiagou, the birthplace of Taijiquan and the grandson of Master Chen Zhaopi.

Yang Songquan is in his early 70s but not even a cat makes a more distinctive gait than him. As young as I am and as old as Songquan is, by the time the lessons ended, there was a stark difference in our energy levels. It’s been a few days since, but I still feel like my muscles are leaving my body. He and his students even did some advanced demonstrations for us, including the ‘touching hands’ style but he was just smooth and strong. Mr Yang Songquan has given us the basic lessons in Tai Chi, and, with the help of the pamphlet, I will start doing it in my room, following each step and immersing in the silence. I believe what Yang Songquan believes: “Taijiquan is the most brilliant doctor, which can keep human beings away from diseases.” It was quite fulfilling to just follow his steps and the silent movements of his hands. Tai Chi is special!

Man expresses anger over negligence of healthcare professionals, drivers

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One Alpha Bah, a resident of Banjulinding has expressed concern over what he refers to as the “negligence” of drivers on the road as well as nurses and doctors in hospitals, a behaviour he said pisses him off.

The 30-year-old was giving an account of a recent incident that happened in Lamin, on 21 March 2023 where he volunteered to escort to the hospital a bleeding man who got hit by a car.

“With the victim bleeding from his mouth, they needed an escort to the hospital but the traffic officer on duty was engaged in another accident case at Abuko. So, I volunteered to escort him to save his life or try saving his life,” Bah told this medium.

While on the ambulance going to Kanifing Hospital from Banjulinding Clinic, the young man said he was angered by the drivers who paid deaf ears to the ambulance.

“The ambulance’s siren was on but the drivers were ignoring us as if they didn’t hear the siren at all. What really pissed me off, was one driver that we passed at Abuko on his phone – on the fast lane.

“The siren was on, but this guy did not even notice us. The ambulance has to drive him. I was pissed and the ambulance driver told me that was the least of his encounters on the highway,” he said.

The “negligence” of nurses and doctors at the hospital is another thing Alpha Bah is so much concerned about. He believes that alone can worsen the conditions of emergency patients.

“Just when we arrived at kanifing hospital with an emergency victim, [there were] one doctor and four nurses, [but] none of them could attend to this dying man for more than 30 minutes. I was on my toes wiping his blood from his mouth, so he does not choke to death,” Alpha Bah said.

According to him, the nurses were doing “absolutely nothing but taking notes of God knows what”.

“I said to myself something has to be done. I don’t know exactly how to change things, but I will start from somewhere,” Alpha, who says he is concerned about the safety of everyone said.

For Alpha, respect for the siren of an ambulance is the safety of everyone; and negligence of emergency patients by nurses and doctors has the potential of affecting everyone.

Sports administrator calls for scouting opportunities for Gambian players

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By: Dawda Baldeh

The CEO and Founder of Africa Citizen Radio Online, Mamour M Mbenga known as Kifa Barham, who is also a sports administrator, has called on football stakeholders to scout more potential football players in top professional leagues.

Kifa Barham said the youth world cup is approaching and the Gambia needs to be at the top tier competition list.

Adding that more effort is needed to achieve a collective victory in the world of football.

He further mentioned that the Senegalese football industry is doing its utmost best to secure all competition platforms both from grass-root and senior football competitions.

Mr. Mbenga asserted that more Gambian young footballers are dreaming to play in the Senegalese league which they see as a route to their professional careers.

Kifa, a sports administrator and football manager who owns a grass-root club, Dolphin Stars F.C., highlights the importance of football scouting and talent identification.

“We almost lost all our young talents, the likes of Lamin Jarjue and other great young players who are now playing and representing other countries and African clubs,” he said.

“I have seen another young Gambian player, Lamin Deen, who is currently playing in Italy at Napoli Under 19 youth, a regular player just to mention a few but there are many unknowns,” he added.

He urged the football stakeholders to closely partner with Sports journalists, football scouts, and coaches to invite competent professional young players to participate in the Under 20 World Cup without favouritism and biased selection.

Additionally, the Gambia stands a better chance to be the champion of the youth world cup despite losing the final to Senegal during the recent Under 20 African Cup of Nations.

He appeals to the government, private sector, and individuals to support the process and early preparation for the upcoming league world cup.

Kifa further compliments the effort and hard work of the baby scorpions and team officials for a tremendous performance in Egypt during the Under 20 African Cup of Nations.

According to him, the central government and other stakeholders in the sports industry need to adjust their contribution and effort to make it happen for the Gambia our homeland.

He said football and sports at large contribute a huge economic growth to national development.

Additionally, that Senegal is now identified in the global sports industry because of football and other related sports activities, not politics.

Kifa called on the country’s President Adama Barrow and other tycoons to fully pledge their financial muscles for the upcoming Under 20 world Cup in Indonesia.

He said early preparation and financial aid are needed, adding that there is no football without grass-root.

He advised the young scorpions to stay focused and work hard to set the pace for a collective victory.

Kifa is a practising journalist who recently graduates among other nationalities with an Advanced Certificate Program in Football Business Management and HR at Valley View University in partnership with Linked Sports Business College in Ghana.

He is currently pursuing his training program in Football Intermediary, Football Scouting, and Talent Identification at the same University in Ghana.

Barrow, Darboe identify renewable energy as solution to Gambia’s electricity problem

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The Gambia is on course to register universal access to electricity by 2025. However, power interruption and frequent blackouts have left many asking whether the country has the generation capacity to supply the increasing electricity demand.

Honourable Kebba K Barrow, National Assembly Member for Kombo South; and Honorable Alhagie S. Darboe, National Assembly for Brikama North, are suggesting for the country to direct its focus on investing more in renewable energy, such as solar energy, to meet the high demand of energy.

“Renewable energy, I think, is the best thing for us. In the sub-region, we have a lot of sunshine and what we need is the capital expenses that need to be met. In doing that, it is the responsibility of the respective member countries to raise the required funds to get the projects in place. For us, in The Gambia, we have just ratified a loan and a grant to support renewable energy that is going to give a number of kilowatts for the provision of electricity”.

According to KKB, the Gambia has secured a grant of 24 million Euros and a loan of 8 million Euros towards helping the country’s renewable energy drive. “The foundation stone of that project has already been laid by the President of the Republic and, hopefully, it is going to be up and running within the next 24 months,” stated Hon. Barrow, who also chairs the Ecowas Parliament’s Committee on Macro Economics and Economic Policy Research.

For Alhagie S. Darboe, Minority Leader and National Assembly Member for Brikama North, the Ecowas bloc is doing well to improve energy access within the sub-region, through various projects, such as the West Africa Power Pool and the OMVG.

Nonetheless, Darboe equally believes renewable energy could be an alternative for Ecowas member states, including The Gambia. “Renewable energy is more reliable, affordable and accessible. I would therefore recommend The Gambia to direct more attention to the renewable energy sector.”

Hon Barrow and Darboe, respectively, who are part of The Gambia’s five-member delegation to the Ecowas Parliament, made these interventions in Freetown, Sierra Leone, where the Parliament is organizing a meeting on energy transition.

WACQIP Holds Technical Management Committee to Validate Regional Value Chain Standards

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The West Africa Competitiveness and Quality Infrastructure (WACQIC) project began a 4-day Technical Management Committee for the review of 31 draft EWOCAS standards relating to regional value chains – Mango, Cassava & Information and Communications Technologies – on Tuesday 21st March 2023 at Senegambia Beach Hotel.

Funded by the European Union and implemented by the United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO), WACQIC is aimed at improving the competitiveness of West African enterprises, especially SMEs, and deepening regional integration and the countries’ participation in the continental and international trading systems.

The identified standards are considered according to the ECOWAS Standards Harmonization Model (ECOSHAM). Thirty-one (31) of the ninety-one (91) standards in three 3 value chains have reached the step of validation by the Technical Management Committee of Ecowas Standards Harmonisation Model TMC/ECOSHAM.

The Technical Management Committee of Ecowas Standards Harmonisation Model has converged in Banjul on Tuesday 21st March 2023 to validate draft standards in three 3 value chains within West Africa. The draft standards are submitted by the Department of Economic Affairs and Agriculture of the ECOWAS Commission for validation by the TMC/ECOSHAM.

The high-level meeting, organized by UNIDO, seeks to harmonize thirty-one (31) standards in the cassava, mango and information and communication technology value chains in West Africa to promote regional integration in trade, investment and economic development. The initiative also seeks to enhance quality infrastructure and competitiveness programs in the region.

The United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) works closely with the European Union, and ECOWAS Commission to promote business development and industrialization within the ECOWAS region to enhance economic growth and sustainable development.

The Representative of UNIDO, Mr. Christian Lasser, believes that “Inclusion and sustainable industrialization is an important part of the way forward for the ECOWAS region and UNIDO encourages the ECOWAS Commission to support enterprises in their development and upgrading to improve their competitiveness.”

The European Union gives financial support for the creation and execution of programmes aimed at improving quality infrastructure and competitiveness in West Africa, including national quality policies, the establishment of quality infrastructure institutions and the designing of technical regulations and standards.

“We believe that standard harmonization is crucial to improve the competitiveness and sustainability of mango, cassava and information and communication technologies value chains,” Ms. Aisha Sillah, a representative of the European Union told the meeting.

She emphasized that European Union is “confident that the validation of the draft standards will contribute to the achievement of those objectives and enhance West Africa’s competitiveness and facilitate the integration of the region in the global economy.”

Lassane Kabore of the Ecowas Commission underscored the importance of the convergence and urged participants to live up to expectations. He said the “development of a chain is significant to poverty reduction and creating employment” in the region.

The representative of the Gambia Government, Mr. Assan Gaye, emphasized that the “regional dynamic” initiated by the ECOWAS Commission must be supported with “innovative policies” to enhance the activities of local production units. He believes that will transform those production units into medium-sized enterprises and bridge the gap between them and multinational companies in the region.

He said The Gambia Government, therefore, urge the ECOWAS Commission to “accelerate the operationalisation of ECOWAS Regional Quality Infrastructure structures for a better coordination of quality in the region for the benefit of regional companies, ECOWAS citizens and the protection of the regional environment.”

The four-day validation meeting is organised by the United Nation Industrial Development Organisation (UNIDO) and funded by the European Union (EU). The meeting starts on 21st March and ends on 24th March 2023, in Banjul, The Gambia.

Independent candidates, UDP dominate West Coast councillorship nominations

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By: Muhammed Lamin Drammeh

Thirty (30) independent candidates as of March 23 and twenty-one (21) candidates from the United Democratic Party (UDP) have submitted their nomination forms to the Independent Electoral Commission’s (IEC) West Coast Region office for different wards’ councillor’s seats in the forthcoming Brikama Area councillorship elections next month.

As the country moves toward the local government election next month, aspiring candidates for various wards in the West Coast Region began submitting their nomination forms to the ICE office in Brikama.

According to Faraba Janneh, the regional electoral officer for West Coast Region, 95 forms were picked up from their office to contest for 28 wards in the Brikama Area Council election. Among the 95 forms, 35 were independent, 21 from UDP, 16 from NPP, 12 from APRC, and 11 from other political parties.

“95 forms were collected. Among them, 35 are independent candidates. Out of this number, 4 withdrew. As of now, we have only nominated 30 of them and are left with only one. NPP, UDP, GDC, and PDOIS all bought forms from here. However, parties like GMC, CA, and NRP didn’t collect any forms here,” Janneh told The Fatu Network.

Aside from the independent candidates, the UDP has presented more candidates than any other political party in the West Coast region. The ruling National people’s Party submitted 16 while political ally APRC submitted 12.

The nomination proper is expected to end on the 27th of March at 4 pm.

Source: ‘Ferries manager hid real reason why Kunta Kinteh got stranded at sea’ 

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By: Hadram Hydara

In the wake of the Kunta Kinteh Ferry fiasco over the weekend, which had left the vessel stranded in the middle of the sea with passengers and vehicles aboard for twelve hours and proved fatal for one passenger who was in an ambulance bound for the Edward Francis Small Teaching Hospital, The Fatu Network has been informed by a source close to the Gambia Ferry Services that General Manager, Lamin Jawara’s claim that the ferry got stranded at sea due to its rudder propeller getting entangled in a fishing net, was a lie peddled to cover up the cranky conditions of the ferries.

On Sunday, March 19, the Kunta Kinteh ferry got stuck at the Barra landing site, spending the night in the middle of the sea which led to the death of Alagie Sarr, a native of Medina Serign Mass. On Monday, March 20, the General Manager of the Gambia Ferry Services Lamin Jawara told the press the incident was a result of the ferry’s propeller getting stuck in a fishing net.

“As a result of this, the ferry was not able to move and spent the night at the Barra landing site. When it happened, the captain rushed to remove the net and attempted to ply back to Banjul, but it was hindered by low tide.”

However, according to our source, who spoke to us on condition of anonymity, this was an attempt to cover up the dire conditions of the engines of the ferries, adding that the same thing happened two days before the incident [Kunta Kinteh ferry getting stuck in the sea].

“That is not true,” he said, adding that “he was given 206 million dalasis by GPA (Gambia Ports Authority) board to improve the ferries as well as wean off ferries of GPA.

“Guess what he did, he went and buy cheap engines from an agent in Senegal instead of our regular supplier in Holland. After about a year, one of the engines got broken while the other two are not registering the required power,” the source continued.

The ferry is a disaster waiting to happen, as per the source, noting that the engines have been registering way below the recommended Revolutions Per Minute (RPM).

“The ferry is a disaster waiting to happen. At best, the engines register 1300 RMP instead of the recommended 1800 RMP. Corruption is killing us, if [the] situation is not fixed with utmost urgency, it would take a disaster to fix it.”

Efforts from TFN to get the comments of the General Manager of the Gambia Ferry Services Lamin Jawara have proved futile.

‘Give it a shot’: UTG valedictorian urges females to go into STEM

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BY: Muhammed Lamin Drammeh

Ya Adam Njie, the University of the Gambia overall best student of the class of 2022, has urged females in the country to fight to overcome the gender disparity gap in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) by venturing into these fields like their male counterparts. 

Ya Adam, who majored in Computer Science and graduated Summa Cum Laude with a stunning CGPA of 4.123, said women should stop overthinking and give it a shot in the area. She exhorted them to explore computer science and its related areas.

“We ladies, tend to overthink a lot sporadically. It’s a great thing, but every so often it can stop us from taking risks. Just give it a shot! You would rather not be in your old age and wondering “what if?”.

“Explore Computer Science and don’t be afraid of failure. It’s part of life. Hell, it’s part of coding! That’s what we call bugs! You don’t let a bug stop you, no matter how long it takes, you fix it and move on. Also, don’t listen to the people who call the field difficult. It is not when you have a deep passion for it,” she explained.

According to her, when she was informed that she was the overall best-graduating student in the recent UTG convocation, she felt good but sad because she would have preferred the gender disparity in her class to be more balance.

“It felt good, but also sad. Good because I love to win [and] sad because I would’ve loved for the male-to-female ratio of the students in the class to have been more balanced.

“A lot of my classes were like 30 plus men and not more than 5 women. It’s disheartening to witness. Especially knowing the origins of Computer Science. Ada Lovelace was the first computer programmer.

“This field used to be a female-dominated field at its start. I don’t entirely understand why the shift happened, but I would like for more women to actively pursue the field. It is so wonderful, and I know they would excel in it,” she explained to The Fatu Network.

Ya Adam is now looking forward to studying Artificial Intelligence for her master’s degree after graduating with Suma Cum Launde in Computer Science from the University of The Gambia.

GAP Leader calls for price regulations ahead of Ramadan

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By: Dawda Baldeh

Musa Ousainou Yali Bachilly, the leader of the opposition Gambia Action Party (GAP), has called on the government to regulate the prices of food commodities ahead of Ramadan to avoid intimidation of customers with self-imposed prices.

“This year’s Ramadan will be challenging financially. Other factors that surround our market prices. Traders are continuously taking advantage by ripping off people with throat-cut prices and the Ministry of Trade is looking without introducing fixed price regulations,” he said.

According to the GAP leader, all the Gambian market traders are continuously and brutally abusive and introduce their market prices without sympathy whilst the government is naively busy in support of corruption.

“A GAP-led government will curb corruption and poverty reduction as well as overstretched and demoralized public services including the economic downturn and price regulations,” he asserted.

He noted that GAP-led government culprits will be brought to book as an implementation of self-market prices will be criminalized in The Gambia with zero tolerance.

“Survival should not be ignored because of poverty, and one cannot afford to die due to the government’s inability to implement workable policies for all the citizens.

“In other countries with responsible governments, prices of basic commodities are being prioritized to prevent hunger strikes amongst the people, but in the Gambia, the people’s representatives are keeping quiet whilst ordinary Gambians continue to languish in confusion,” he emphasized.

Speaking further, the opposition leader called on the National Assembly members as direct representatives of the people to work together with the Ministry of Trade and implement price fixing with immediate effect.

“We are bonded by a sense of humour and commonalities. When survival becomes difficult in a country, it triggers political and social instability.

We take this opportunity to call for the maintenance of peace and tranquillity in the Gambia ahead of local government elections and also wish the entire Muslim family a blissful month of Ramadan with joy and rewards,” he stressed.

Thieves allegedly broke into designer shop, escaped with D200,000 worth of items

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By: Dawda Baldeh

Thieves have broken into Men’s Closet Aminaa, a designer’s shop belonging to one Amina Faal, a resident of Brusubi, and reportedly escaped with items worth more than two hundred thousand dalasis on Sunday, March 19.

Speaking to The Fatu Network, the young businesswoman said she was shocked after realizing her shop was broken into by thieves.

According to Amina Faal, the Chief Executive Officer of Men’s Closet Aminaa, the incident occurred at around 9 a.m. on Sunday.

“I was told by neighbours that my back window to the shop was open. I rush to check and found that it was broken,” she said.

She stated the thieves entered the shop through the window and then to the toilet where they broke the other door and get into the shop.

“They took a lot of items in the shop which can be worth up to more than two hundred thousand dalasis (D200, 000.00). The items stolen include clothes, shoes, and other luxury accessories. The shoes are many and I had a new arrival which I didn’t price before the incident occurred,” she explained.

Ms. Faal described the incident as a major setback for her young business while calling on people to help her recover the items.

She further revealed that the thieves have broken the doors of her shop which needed urgent maintenance. This, she added, is devastating as she would have to start everything again from scratch.

The matter has been reported to the police for investigation, however, such incidents are not uncommon as barely a day or two will pass without hearing such news on local news outlets across the country.

Period poverty: Experts say lack of sanitary products is affecting Gambian girls/women during menstrual cycle

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By: Lolly Sowe

Health experts have argued that lack of access to adequate sanitary products and discrimination affect girls/women during the menstrual cycle.

The onset of menstruation is one of the most important physiological changes occurring in girls during their adolescent years.

Sheriff Jawla, the principal of the School of Enroll Nursing (SEN) in Bansang, explained the lack of knowledge and awareness on menstrual hygiene among adolescents, and not having provisions for adequate user-friendly sanitary materials meaning eco-friendly sanitary materials affects girls and women during menstruation.

“Poor menstrual hygiene is caused by lack of adequate knowledge of menstrual hygiene, inadequate sanitary materials and poor waste management of sanitary products,” he said.

Menstrual hygiene is a hygienic practice during menstruation that can prevent women from infection in the reproductive and unitary tract.

Hygienic-related practices of women during menstruation are of considerable importance, as they may increase vulnerability to Reproductive Tract Infection (RTI).

Fatoumata Sanneh, the founder and Executive Director of Fateemah’s Pad Drive, does sanitary distribution nationwide to fight stigma and discrimination regarding period poverty for girls and women.

She mentioned that menstrual hygiene had been a problem because society doesn’t discuss, educate or share ideas about menstrual hygiene.

This, she added, is affecting people because society is straight on encouraging and helping their culture, but as well not learning to take care of their body parts and having access to information.

“Period is stigmatizing and it’s a taboo in society, this is the reason women don’t get to learn about their vaginal health and how to clean themselves and this leads to developing infection,” she added.

Gender inequality, discriminatory social norms, cultural taboos, poverty and lack of basic services like toilets and sanitary products can all cause menstrual health and hygiene needs to go unmet.

46% of ECOWAS region population lacks access to power

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Access to reliable, sustainable and affordable electricity helps improve the living standard of all. However, almost half of the population of the over 400 million people in the ECOWAS sub-region has no access to energy, according to Sidie Mohamed Tunis, Speaker of the ECOWAS Parliament at the start of a five-day joint Parliamentary Committee in Freetown, Sierra Leone on the theme “Building the regional energy market for a just energy transition”.

“With a total population of over 400 million people, only 220 million (54%) have access to electricity, while the remaining 180 million (46%) lack access to power due to low generation or poor distribution capacity,” said Speaker Tunis, who went further to described it as “this unfortunate reality has impacted negatively on the performance and competitiveness of our businesses, particularly our 7 manufacturing plants that rely heavily on the sustainable power supply to survive.”

He said the energy issue, particularly the need for an energy transition is, therefore, at the heart of the sub-region’s economies and national productivity.

For Speaker Tunis, no single state can provide sustainable solutions to these challenges, thus the need for a concerted effort.

“It is with this in mind that the Member States have set up the West African Power Pool to create a system of interconnection of electricity networks aimed at enabling a better distribution of energy resources, to compensate for the production deficit of member states. It is true that the construction of major roads and rail arteries between our capitals will allow for a more intense movement of people and goods.

“However, we must also agree that the physical interconnection infrastructure of the electricity networks that are being developed within the framework of the regional electricity market is, without a doubt, the veins that will enable the transporting and sharing of life-giving energy for the concrete integration of the sub-region.”

To achieve its objectives of the meeting, the joint Parliamentary Committee is benefiting from the presence of Resource Persons and Stakeholders from relevant ECOWAS Institutions and Agencies, as well as experts from the region who have produced high-quality reports and studies on the process of creating the regional electricity market.

Dr Mohamed Juldeh Jalloh, the Vice President of Sierra Leone, said at the heart of the underdevelopment in the sub-region is attributed to the energy supply deficit, which is unquestionably the backbone of any country’s development.

“No country or region would develop or prosper without energy, as energy is vital to the productive sector, which holds the key to economic development.”

VP Jalloh said the region is still struggling to meet its growing energy needs, as he shared with the meeting some of the gains registered in Sierra Leone since 2018.

“In Sierra Leone, when we took over in 2018, the energy sector was plagued with a lot of challenges. First, energy access was 16 per cent, because there was inadequate generation, high cost of electricity, and lack of transmission and distribution lines. But when we took over in 2018, we developed a strategic plan to turn around this story by increasing energy generation access to over 35 per cent.”

He informed the ECOWAS Parliament joint meeting that the Government of Sierra Leone, through the energy ministry, created an off-grid solar solution to provide solar renewable energy to over 56 small villages and towns.

According to Vice President Jalloh, his government has also passed a regulation, allowing the participation of the private sector in the energy market.

“As a government, we want to make a shift from utility energy to produce energy.”

He calls for creative thinking to boost the energy sector by further encouraging Banks to move from just commercial banking to project financing to be able to mobilise the needed resources.

MC Cham Jr: ‘Gambians should observe 1 minute of crying because…’

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By: Dawda Baldeh

Former opposition Gambia Democratic Congress (GDC) campaign manager Momodou MC Cham Junior has called on Gambians to observe a minute of crying because President Adama Barrow “cannot differentiate between opinion and evidence,” noting that the president is trying to discredit the audit report because “most corruption scandals are recorded” at his office.

He was speaking to Senn FM radio on President Barrow’s recent interview with Star TV where he told journalist Malick Jones that audit reports are opinions and that auditors can be biased.

“People should not blame the President because he cannot differentiate between opinion and evidence. Gambians should observe one minute of crying,” he suggested.

The former GDC campaign manager added that the president is trying to downplay the reports of the auditor general because his office is implicated.

“Most of the corruption scandals are recorded at the office of the president.

“This is why the president wants to discredit the audit reports by saying the audit reports are opinions and the auditors can be biased,” he added.

The young politician stressed that audit reports are backed by evidence, not just mere opinions.

“I think the National Assembly should close the National Audit Office because you cannot establish an office that is not trusted by the government while paying them salaries and all allowances.

“Then what are we expecting from the audit office? If the auditors make their auditing, they will present their reports to the president who should give the reports to the police for investigation,” he said.

According to him, President Barrow has legalized corruption in the country, and he is indirectly telling civil servants that they can use public funds anyhow.

“It means anyone can now steal public funds and nothing will come out of it. He should have championed the fight to end corruption in the country,” he ended.

Farming for 40 years: Bah laments lack of storage facilities for farmers

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By: Fatou Kebbeh

Agriculture plays a major role in the economic growth and development of many nations. For The Gambia, it has been described as the backbone of the country’s economy.

Agriculture employs about 75% of The Gambia’s labour force, the African Development Bank Group says, and it accounts for about 30% of the GDP of the country according to International Trade Administration.

However, what appears to be largely affecting some farmers in The Gambia is inadequate storage facilities. This bottleneck continues to frustrate farmers in Lower Nuimi, incurring them losses they felt could have been averted.

“I have a big challenge in terms of storage facilities. It affects me very well because I cannot save much of my produce, and I mostly lose three-quarters of my produce because of lack of storage,” says one Amadou A Bah, a native of Madina Manneh.

Farming is the main source of income for the people of Amadou’s village in the North Bank Region, located northeast of Kerewan. However, the lack of adequate storage facilities forces them to sell their produce at what Amadou calls a “giveaway price.”

Bah, who has been farming for about 40 years, is now calling on the government and NGOs to come to their aid.

Storage is a key component in agriculture that allows farmers to keep their crops healthy and fresh for marketing, and horticulture, Tom Senghore said.

“Storage in agriculture cannot be overemphasized because without storage farmers can have more than 30 to 40% production losses, storage facilities as we are seeing in other developing countries has been a key contributing factor to more than 25% post-production losses,” Mr Senghore said.

Countries like China, the United States, Russia, etc whose economies greatly rely on agriculture have ensured lack of storage facilities is not the main hindrance.

The Director General of the Department of Agriculture, Dr Saikou E Sanyang has also said storage is an important element in agriculture without which the value chain is always weak.

“We have projects that actually started building storage for farmers, especially vegetable producers. This project actually started with three (3): one in Kaur, North Bank; the other one, URR; and the third one in LRR”.

According to Food and Agriculture (FAO), inadequate storage facilities expose food to deadly bacteria which it says is a major health threat.

The Gambia’s agriculture has been predominantly characterized by subsistence farming. Farmers generally practice mixed farming, where crops account for a greater portion of the production.

The Gambia appears not to be the only country whose farmers bear the brunt of lack of storage, other countries like Nigeria and India suffer from huge post-production losses due to inadequate storage facilities, according to reports.

SPOTLIGHT: Ya Adam Njie: UTG Valedictorian reshaping STEM

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By: Muhammed Lamin Drammeh

From sitting at home for three years due to the dearth of funds to begin her university education, after completing secondary school, 26-year-old Ya Adam Njie has stunned many by graduating Summa Cum Laude from the University of the Gambia as the overall best student with an astonishing CGPA of 4.123 as a major in Computer Science.

Despite the huge gender disparity, Ya Adam broke through the glass ceiling by becoming a beacon among her colleagues at the University of the Gambia.

Her story before beginning her studies is akin to many underprivileged young Gambians. When Ya Adam completed her secondary school in 2014 at Gambia Methodist, she sat at home for three years because her family could not afford to pay her tuition fee. While she dwelled at home, she reworked her mathematics to equip herself for a smooth journey while pondering over a field to study.

In 2017, Ya Adam’s aunty and her brother realized the need for her to start university education, three years after completing her secondary education, and gathered some funds which enabled Ya Adam to start her program in computer science before the Ministry of Higher Education gave her a full-time scholarship.

Asked what actually motivated her to choose computer Science over psychology or journalism, she pointed out.

“After high school, my initial dream was to be a psychologist. Then it was to be an electrical engineer and later on, a journalist. But then, one day, after a few hours of drawing, I decided to take a break and play games.

“Something clicked, and I thought, “I love art and I love playing games, why not figure out how to make games?”. So, I went onto Google and started my research. That [was what] introduced me to my first programming language, C. It was so fun because I could basically command something as powerful as a computer to do my bidding.

“It was thrilling! From then on, I moved on to learning C++ and eventually, I was able to start university and continue with Java and so much more.”

With the highest CGPA of 4.123, the University of The Gambia overall best student in the graduating class of 2022 shared with The Fatu Network her journey to being better than her colleagues in class, who were mostly males.

“So, during my first semester, while I was waiting for class to start, I would listen to a female rocket scientist, Olympia Le Point, talk about her journey. It served as my fuel, so whenever I was in class, the focus was to get as much from the lecturer as I can. Every single question I had relating to a topic, no matter how dumb, I would ask. Thankfully, my lecturers and classmates were very patient, and it helped me understand and remember concepts better.

“And I was also strategic with how I picked my courses. To make my study times more interesting, I would pick courses across fields which had some things in common, for instance, Calculus and Mechanics or Linear Algebra and Differential Equations.

“Overall, it was believing in myself and not letting the negative thoughts win, that helped get me through the tough times,” she explained.

Now being conferred a first-class degree in computer science with a gold medal, Ya Adam is yearning to study Artificial intelligence for her master’s and eventually, be great enough in her chosen field to work with fellow Gambian data scientists and build solutions that’ll benefit the country.

Walking from SerreKunda to Brikama: How Alhasan spent 7 years getting a degree from UTG

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By: Muhammed Lamin Drammeh

On the 18th of March 2023, Alhasan Drammeh, a determined young man who used to walk on foot from Serre Kunda to Brikama for lectures, graduated from the University of the Gambia after seven years of struggle to get a degree which supposed to take him only four years.

Like hundreds of Gambians at the University of the Gambia, Alhassan Drammeh got enrolled at the University of the Gambia to pursue a bachelor’s degree within four years. However, for him, poverty would not allow him to be like most of his colleagues who are now having master’s degrees and living on the fat of the land.

In 2016, ambitious and motivated to acquire a degree, Alhassan got admission to the University. Earlier in his studies, he would walk on foot from Serre Kunda to Brikama for lectures because he couldn’t afford to pay fares to attend lectures.

“I was so broke on my first day of class in the UTG and other days that I had to walk to Brikama campus from Serre Kunda to attend lectures and return home on foot. On days, I called good days, I rode my bicycle to Brikama to attend lectures,” the newly graduated student pointed out.

After being broke and out of money to pay his tuition fees, Alhassan sought scholarships but couldn’t get any for three years. While searching for a scholarship, he would continue attending lectures but at the end of the semester, his grades will not be entered, and this had added more frustration to the young man who believed that only a good education will change his life.

“In the beginning, I wasn’t able to get a scholarship until my third year, when I finally got a MoHERST scholarship. The problem was that they refused to backdate and clear my arrears for the past three years, which amounted to D90,000. I didn’t have money to clear those arrears.

“Because I didn’t pay tuition fees at the beginning, most of the courses I did for the past three years were not entered, so I had to re-sit those courses for extra years.”

Alhassan has a great reputation for helping new students in the university during his time. He served as the Information and Communications minister for both the University of the Gambia Social Sciences and Humanities Students’ Association and the University of the Gambia Debate Association. According to him, helping people became therapeutic for him.

Attending lectures for three years without paying fees and marks not entered, he had to prolong his stay in the university for another three years, which accumulated to seven years instead of the required 8 semesters in four years.

Some of Alhasan’s batch mates in the university are now graduated with master’s degrees in different fields.

However, with sheer determination and willingness to succeed amidst poverty and challenges, he peddled through the frustration and graduated with Honors in Political Science at the University of the Gambia.

Alhasan, despite struggling to get a scholarship, has been engaged in volunteer teaching and other activities. He is a prolific debater and an excellent communicator and a public speaker. He has trained and mentored a great number of students in public speaking and debate.

A versatile young man, Alhasan is ready to serve and impact lives with his degree.

Unlikely Bond: The Surprising Friendship Between Saddam Hussein and His Guards

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By: Sowe Bully

In his final days, Saddam Hussein found himself guarded by a group of American soldiers. They were known as the Super Twelve, and they had been tasked with keeping the deposed Iraqi leader confined. It was a duty that would change them in unexpected ways.

In Will Bardenwerper’s book, The Prisoner in His Palace, the emotional experiences of the American soldiers who were tasked with guarding him. These soldiers formed an unlikely bond with the deposed Iraqi leader, sharing stories and smoking cigars with him as they watched over him in his confinement. They saw a man who was trapped, a man who had lost everything.

As Bardenwerper writes, the soldiers of the Super Twelve formed an unlikely connection with Saddam, a man they had been trained to hate. They saw in him a complex human being with a deep love of literature and writing, and over time, they shared stories and smoked cigars together. But despite this bond, the soldiers were left with a profound sense of loss and remorse when Saddam was ultimately executed.

For Specialist Adam Rogerson, one of the Super Twelve, the experience was particularly traumatic. “I feel like I let him down,” he told Bardenwerper. “It was as if he had lost a family member. I almost feel like a murderer, like I killed a guy I was close to.”

Despite being an “enemy” of the United States, Saddam was a complex and cultured man who loved literature and writing. He was particularly fond of authors like Dostoevsky and Naguib Mahfouz and frequently requested reading and writing materials during his confinement.

To him, being denied access to pen and paper amounted to a violation of his human rights. As he frequently requested reading and writing materials during his confinement, he lamented his lack of access to pen and paper. “You must understand, I am a writer,” he told John Nixon, a CIA interrogator, “And what you are doing by depriving me of pen and paper amounts to human rights abuse!”

Saddam’s story is a poignant reminder of the power of human connection, even in the most unlikely of circumstances. It is a testament to the fact that there is often more to a person than meets the eye, and that empathy and understanding can go a long way towards breaking down barriers and forging unexpected bonds.
As we delve deeper into the story of Saddam and the Super Twelve, we can’t help but feel a sense of sorrow for what might have been, and a renewed appreciation for the importance of seeing the humanity in others.

We can learn from the soldiers of the Super Twelve that it’s important to approach others with empathy and an open mind. By taking the time to get to know someone, we can form connections that transcend politics and ideology. We can find common ground and forge relationships that might surprise us.

 

Embracing love without boundaries: Knots tied in Sharia

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By: Juliana Twumwaa Obeng

The writer

Embracing Love without boundaries: Knots Tied in Sharia

The Gambia is a predominantly Muslim country, but there are also significant Christian and traditional religious communities. In general, interfaith marriages between Muslims and Christians are relatively common in The Gambia, and they are usually accepted as long as both partners respect each other’s faith and culture.

In The Gambia, the Cadi Court is a court that has jurisdiction over Islamic personal law matters. The court is responsible for adjudicating cases related to marriage, divorce, inheritance, and other related issues based on Islamic principles. The Cadi Court is a Shariah court in The Gambia that has jurisdiction over matters related to Islamic personal law, including marriage and divorce. Islamic marriage in The Gambia is governed by the Shariah law, which is based on the Quran and the teachings of the Prophet Muhammed.

One question that often arises in the context of the Cadi Court’s jurisdiction is whether a Christian can marry a Muslim in The Gambia.

The answer to this question based on my research is yes, a Christian can marry a Muslim in The Gambia under certain circumstances. According to the Cadi Court rules, a marriage between a Christian and a Muslim is permitted as long as certain conditions are met.

One of the conditions that must be met is that the Christian spouse must be willing to convert to Islam. The conversion must be a genuine and voluntary act, and the Cadi Court will verify that the conversion was not coerced in any way. The court will also ensure that the convert understands the basic principles of Islam and is willing to live according to those principles.

Another condition that must be met is that the Muslim spouse must obtain the consent of his or her parents or guardians. This is because Islamic law places a great deal of importance on the consent of parents or guardians in matters of marriage. The consent of the Christian spouse’s parents or guardians is also required, although this may be waived in certain circumstances.

The Cadi Court rules also require that the marriage contract (nikah), be performed according to Islamic principles. The nikah is a contract between the two parties that establishes their rights and obligations in the marriage. It must be performed in the presence of at least two witnesses and must include the payment of a dowry by the groom to the bride.

The legal requirements for marriage vary depending on whether the ceremony is religious or civil. For a religious marriage, the couple must obtain a marriage certificate from their respective religious authorities. For a civil marriage, the couple must obtain a marriage license from the Registrar General’s office and have the ceremony performed by a magistrate or other authorized official.

Once these conditions are met, the marriage between a Christian and a Muslim is considered valid under Islamic law and is recognized by the Cadi Court. The couple is subject to the same rights and obligations as any other married couple under Islamic law.

It is important to note that the Cadi Court’s jurisdiction is limited to matters of Islamic personal law, and it does not have the authority to recognize marriages that do not meet the conditions outlined above. For example, if a Christian and a Muslim were to marry without the Christian spouse converting to Islam or without the necessary consent from parents or guardians, the Cadi Court would not recognize the marriage as valid.

Under Islamic law, a marriage may be nullified if it is found to be invalid from the outset. Some of the common grounds for the nullification of marriage include:

  1. Lack of legal capacity: The parties must have legal capacity to enter into a marriage contract. For example, if one of the parties is under the age of consent, the marriage may be nullified;
  2. Non-observance of essential elements: The marriage contract must include the essential elements of offer, acceptance, and consideration (mahr). If any of these elements are missing or invalid, the marriage may be nullified;
  3. Legal impediments: The marriage may be nullified if there are legal impediments such as blood relationship or prior marriage that render the marriage contract invalid;
  4. Fraud or misrepresentation: If one of the parties entered into the marriage contract based on fraud or misrepresentation, the marriage may be nullified;
  5. Coercion or duress: If one of the parties was forced or coerced into entering into the marriage contract, the marriage may be nullified.

What happens then?

If a marriage is nullified by the Cadi Court, it is considered to have never existed from a legal perspective, and the parties are free to enter into a new marriage contract if they so choose.

In a study published in the Journal of Muslim Minority Affairs, Jllow et al. (2010), explored the challenges facing Muslim family law in The Gambia, including issues related to interfaith marriages. They noted that while there is no explicit prohibition on Muslim-Christian marriages in The Gambia, such marriages are still relatively uncommon due to cultural and religious differences between the two faiths.

A 2018 article in The Point, a Gambian newspaper, highlighted the story of a Muslim-Christian couple who had been married for over a decade. The article noted that the couple had faced some initial resistance from their families due to their religious differences, but had been able to build a strong and happy marriage based on mutual respect and understanding.

In her 2014 book, “Marriage in Contemporary Islamic Legal Discourse,” legal scholar Lena Larsen examined the Islamic legal principles surrounding interfaith marriages, including those between Muslims and Christians. While her research focused primarily on the Middle East and North Africa, she noted that the same principles apply in other Muslim-majority countries, including The Gambia.

Parting Words

Based on the Cadi Court rules in The Gambia, a Christian can marry a Muslim as long as certain conditions are met. These conditions include the voluntary conversion of the Christian spouse to Islam, the consent of parents or guardians, and the performance of the marriage contract according to Islamic principles. The Cadi Court will only recognize marriages that meet these conditions and are considered valid under Islamic law.

It is important to note that the rules and procedures of the Cadi Court are subject to interpretation and may vary depending on the specific circumstances of each case. Couples who are considering an Islamic marriage in The Gambia should seek guidance from a qualified Islamic scholar or lawyer to ensure that their marriage contract complies with the requirements of Islamic law.

The writer is a BL candidate at the Gambia Law School. She is driven by her affinity to the legal profession and relies on Precedents and Acts of the National Assembly to educate the public on bits and pieces of the application of the Laws of the Gambia and Ethics of the legal profession. These write-ups are for educational purposes only and not to serve as a substitute for Legal Advice. Email: [email protected]

References:

The Gambia: Cadi Court Act, 2005

The Gambia: Marriage Act, 1945

  1. Jallow, A. Saine, & E. Saine. (2010). Muslim Family Law in The Gambia: Progress and Challenges. Journal of Muslim Minority Affairs, 30(1), 39-52.

Speaker Tunis wants more women in Ecowas Parliament

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Out of the 115 seats at the Ecowas Parliament, Nigeria has 35 representatives, the highest number. However, there are only two women, which according to Hon. Sidie Mohamed Tunis, Speaker of the Ecowas Parliament “is really, really not good”.

Speaking in Freetown, Sierra Leone, at the end of the two-day symposium on women’s proportional representation in politics, organised by the Ecowas Female Parliamentarians Association (ECOFEPA), Speaker Tunis expressed his plans to continue engaging the leadership of Nigeria on change the status quo.

“I am hoping to engage the next Speaker in the Nigeria National Assembly and the President of the Senate to encourage them to have more women in the Ecowas Parliament. We also want to have a special programme just for Nigeria to encourage the stakeholders and the political leadership to ensure that they have more women on their tickets, not just for the National Assembly but for even Local Government.

Speaker Tunis said the Community Parliament has a whole-year Program, and that symposium in Sierra Leone is just the beginning of many to follow to popularise the idea of 30 per cent affirmative action for women. “We are also going to have another program [a TownHall Meeting] in Abuja before the next Ordinary Session, where we are even inviting MPs from Rwanda to come and share their experiences with us [Ecowas Parliament]. We will also have workshops in the Member States to ensure that we do not just pass laws, but to see action.”

He believes the advocacy campaign in Freetown can be organised across the sub-region to have a minimum of 30 per cent quota for women.

Last year, through a conversation between the Speaker and the Ecowas Commission, the Parliament was able to secure funding for ECOFEPA’s activities.

The Gambia’s delegation to the Ecowas Parliament is Honorable Billay G Tunkara, Honorable Alhagie S. Darboe, Honorable Fatoumata Njai, Honorable Samba Jallow and Honorable Kebba K. Barrow.

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